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Prevalence of and risk factors for hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Endocrine volume 70, pages 243–255 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence of and risk factors for hypothyroidism following hemithyroidectomy as new evidence obtained in recent years warranted an update of previous meta-analyses.

Methods

The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched through November 1, 2019, for articles examining the hypothyroidism prevalence and risk factors after lobectomy. The prevalence rate, risk ratio (RR), weighted mean difference (WMD) and standardized mean difference (SMD) were assessed by conducting a meta-analysis of proportions, binary variables, and continuous variables, respectively, using random-effects models.

Results

Fifty-one studies showed a pooled risk of 29.9% (95% confidence interval (CI), 24.6–35.2%) for hypothyroidism following hemithyroidectomy. Risk factors for the development of postoperative hypothyroidism included the female sex (RR, 1.169; 95% CI, 1.040–1.314; P = 0.009), a higher preoperative thyrotropin (TSH) level (RR, 2.955; 95% CI, 2.399–3.640; P = 0.000), a lower preoperative FT4 level (SMD, −0.818; 95% CI, −1.623–−0.013; P = 0.047), concomitant lymphocyte infiltration (RR, 1.558; 95% CI, 1.203–2.018; P = 0.001), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) (RR, 1.480; 95% CI, 1.192–1.838; P = 0.000), a lighter weight of the remaining gland (WMD, −2.740; 95% CI, −3.708–−1.772; P = 0.000), and a right side lobectomy (RR, 1.404; 95% CI, 1.075–1.835; P = 0.013).

Conclusions

Hypothyroidism is a significant complication after lobectomy, and appropriate and personalized surgical strategies should be designed after a careful preoperative assessment based on the estimated risk of hypothyroidism and risk factors.

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Author contributions

Z.L. and A.S. designed the study. Z.L. and Y.Q. performed the literature search. Y.F. and Z.X. contributed to data acquisition. Z.L. and Y.Q. contributed to data interpretation and statistical analyses. Z.X. and Y.F. contributed to supervision or mentorship. Z.L. and Y.Q. wrote the first draft of the manuscript. J.Z. and A.S. edited the report and all authors contributed to the revision of the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript, approved the final draft and agreed to submit it for publication.

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Zhe Li, Yuxuan Qiu

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China

    Zhe Li, Yuxuan Qiu, Yuan Fei, Zhichao Xing, Jingqiang Zhu & Anping Su

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  1. Zhe Li
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  4. Zhichao Xing
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  6. Anping Su
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Correspondence to Anping Su.

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Li, Z., Qiu, Y., Fei, Y. et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 70, 243–255 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02410-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02410-5

Keywords

  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hemithyroidectomy
  • Prevalence
  • Risk factor
  • Meta-analysis