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Comparative distribution of somatostatin and somatostatin receptors in PTU-induced hypothyroidism

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Abstract

Purpose

Propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism is a well-established model for assessing hormonal and morphological changes in thyroid as well as other central and peripheral tissues. Somatostatin (SST) is known to regulate hormonal secretion and synthesis in endocrine tissues; however, nothing is currently known about the distribution of SST and its receptor in hypothyroidism.

Method

In the present study, the comparative immunohistochemical distribution of SST and somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) were analyzed in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats. Rats were treated with PTU for 15 days followed by a co-administration of levothyroxine (LVT) for 15 days. After PTU and LVT treatments (day 30), rats were further administered LVT alone for 15 more days (day 45). The subcellular distribution of SST and SSTR subtypes was determined by peroxidase immunohistochemistry in the thyroid gland collected from control and treated rats.

Results

SST and SSTR subtypes were found to be moderately expressed in control thyroid tissues. SST and SSTR subtypes like immunoreactivity increased significantly in follicular and parafollicular epithelial cells in the thyroid of PTU-treated rats. The PTU-induced changes in the expression of SST and SSTR subtypes were suppressed by the administration of the LVT. In addition to thyroid tissues, SST and SSTRs expression was also changed in non-follicular tissues including blood vessels, smooth muscle cells, and connective tissue following treatments.

Conclusion

The present study revealed a distinct subcellular distribution of SST and SSTR subtypes in the thyroid and provides a new insight for the role of SST and SSTR subtypes in hypothyroidism in addition to its well-established role in negative regulation of hormonal secretion.

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Abbreviations

D2R:

Dopamine receptor 2

GH:

Growth hormones

LVT:

Levothyroxine

PTU:

Propylthiouracil

SST:

Somatostatin

SSTR:

Somatostatin receptor

SRIF:

Somatotropin-release inhibiting factor

T3:

Triiodothyronine

TSH:

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

TRH:

Thyroid-releasing hormone

T4:

Thyroxine

5′-DI:

5′-Iodothyroine monodeiodinse

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the CIHR (MOP 74465) and NSERC (402594-11) to U.K. S.S. was supported by a fellowship from Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute (SICI), India. Special thanks to Glenmark Pharmaceutical India, for providing rats for the study. PTU and LVT were kind gifts from Panchsheel Organics Ltd., Mumbai, India and Macleods Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Mumbai, India respectively. We also thank Dr Sudhamani for preparing paraffin-embedded thyroid tissue blocks.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Sneha Singh, Rishi K. Somvanshi & Ujendra Kumar

  2. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Principal K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Colaba, Mumbai, India

    Vandana Panda

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  1. Sneha Singh
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  2. Rishi K. Somvanshi
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  4. Ujendra Kumar
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Contributions

Rat experimental model of hypothyroid was made by S.S. and V.P. at Principal K. M. Kundnani college of Pharmacy, Mumbai. All paraffin blocks were sectioned and processed for H&E staining commercially at Wax-it Histology Services, Inc, Vancouver. Immunohistochemistry presented in this manuscript was performed at The University of British Columbia, Vancouver by S.S. and R.K.S. The manuscript was written by S.S. and R.K.S. and edited by V.P. and U.K.

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Correspondence to Ujendra Kumar.

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Singh, S., Somvanshi, R.K., Panda, V. et al. Comparative distribution of somatostatin and somatostatin receptors in PTU-induced hypothyroidism. Endocrine 70, 92–106 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02309-1

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