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Effects of exenatide and liraglutide on postchallenge glucose disposal in individuals with normal glucose tolerance

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Abstract

Purpose

Glucagon-like peptide–1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are categorized as short- or long-acting types, but information regarding differences in the effects of these two types on postprandial glucose disposal has been limited. We have now investigated the effects of exenatide and liraglutide (short- and long-acting GLP-1RAs, respectively) on glucose disposal during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Methods

Fourteen healthy volunteers with normal glucose tolerance underwent three OGTTs, which were performed without pharmacological intervention or after a single administration of exenatide or liraglutide at 30 min and 10 h, respectively, before test initiation. The three OGTTs were performed with intervals of at least 7 days between successive tests and within a period of 2 months.

Results

Exenatide, but not liraglutide, markedly decelerated the peak of both plasma glucose and serum insulin levels during the OGTT, with the peaks of both glucose and insulin concentrations occurring at 150 min after test initiation with exenatide compared with 30 min in the control condition or with liraglutide. Exenatide and liraglutide reduced the area under the curve for plasma glucose levels during the OGTT by similar extents, whereas that for serum insulin levels was reduced only by exenatide.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that exenatide decelerates the increase in plasma glucose levels through inhibition of glucose absorption and that it exerts an insulin-sparing action after glucose challenge.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Yuki Nishimoto, Kei Yoshino, Takehito Takeuchi, Hiroshi Miura, and Yasushi Nakagawa for assistance with data collection.

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Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan

      Yushi Hirota, Tomokazu Matsuda, Shinsuke Nakajima, Michinori Takabe, Naoko Hashimoto, Tomoaki Nakamura, Yuko Okada, Kazuhiko Sakaguchi & Wataru Ogawa

    2. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan

      Kazuhiko Sakaguchi

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    1. Yushi Hirota
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    2. Tomokazu Matsuda
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    Correspondence to Yushi Hirota.

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    Conflict of interest

    T.M., K.S., and W.O. have received lecture fees from Novo Nordisk; Y.H., K.S., and W.O. have received lecture fees from Eli Lilly; and Y.H. and W.O. have received lecture fees from Astra Zeneca. W.O. has received research support from Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, and Astra Zeneca.

    Ethical approval

    This exploratory, open-label, single-center study was approved by the ethics committee of Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine (approval no. 230021), conforms to the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki, and is registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN000006858).

    Informed consent

    All the individuals provided written informed consent to participation in the study.

    Additional information

    These authors contributed equally: Yushi Hirota, Tomokazu Matsuda, Shinsuke Nakajima.

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    Hirota, Y., Matsuda, T., Nakajima, S. et al. Effects of exenatide and liraglutide on postchallenge glucose disposal in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Endocrine 64, 43–47 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1808-9

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1808-9

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