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Duodeno-jejunal bypass restores β-cell hypersecretion and islet hypertrophy in western diet obese rats

Endocrine volume 60, pages 407–414 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose

Duodeno-jejunal bypass (DJB) operation improves glucose homeostasis in morbid obesity, independently of weight loss or reductions in adiposity, through mechanisms not yet fully elucidated. Herein, we evaluated the effects of DJB upon glucose homeostasis, endocrine pancreatic morphology, and β-cell responsiveness to potentiating agents of cholinergic and cAMP pathways, in western diet (WD) obese rats, at 2 months after operation.

Methods

From 8 to 18 weeks of age male Wistar rats fed on a WD. After this period, a sham (WD Sham group) or DJB (WD DJB) operations were performed. At 2 months after operation glucose homeostasis was verified.

Results

Body weight was similar between WD DJB and WD Sham rats, but WD DJB rats showed a decrease in Lee index, retroperitoneal and perigonadal fat pads. Also, WD DJB rats displayed reduced fasting glycemia and insulinemia, and increased insulin-induced Akt activation in the gastrocnemius. Islets from WD DJB rats secreted less amounts of insulin, in response to activators of the cholinergic (carbachol and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) and cAMP (forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xantine) pathways. Islets of WD DJB rats had higher sintaxin-1 protein content than WD Sham, but without modification in muscarinic-3 receptor, protein kinase (PK)-Cα, and (PK)-Aα protein amounts. In addition, islets of WD DJB animals showed reduction in islets and β-cell masses.

Conclusion

DJB surgery improves fasting glycemia and insulin action in skeletal muscle. Better endocrine pancreatic morphofunction was associated, at least in part, with the regulation of the cholinergic and cAMP pathways, and improvements in syntaxin-1 islet protein content induced by DJB.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Assis Roberto Escher Teixeira for animal care and Nicola Conran for editing English.

Funding

This study forms part of the M.Sc. Thesis of M.C.M. and was supported by grants from Fundação Araucária (223/2010; 290/2015); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP).

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Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, PR, Brazil

    Mariana Carla Mendes, Maria Lúcia Bonfleur, Ana Flavia Justino Fêo, Rodrigo Vargas & Sandra Lucinei Balbo

  2. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ-Macaé, Macaé, RJ, Brazil

    Rosane Aparecida Ribeiro

  3. Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Laboratório de Pâncreas Endócrino e Metabolismo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Camila Lubaczeuski, Everardo Magalhães Carneiro & Antonio Carlos Boschero

  4. Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, UNIOESTE, Cascavel, PR, Brazil

    Allan Cezar Faria Araujo

Authors
  1. Mariana Carla Mendes
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  2. Maria Lúcia Bonfleur
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  3. Rosane Aparecida Ribeiro
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  4. Camila Lubaczeuski
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  6. Rodrigo Vargas
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  7. Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
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  9. Allan Cezar Faria Araujo
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  10. Sandra Lucinei Balbo
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Correspondence to Maria Lúcia Bonfleur.

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Mendes, M.C., Bonfleur, M.L., Ribeiro, R.A. et al. Duodeno-jejunal bypass restores β-cell hypersecretion and islet hypertrophy in western diet obese rats. Endocrine 60, 407–414 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1578-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1578-4

Keywords

  • Bariatric surgery
  • Cafeteria diet
  • Insulin secretion
  • Obesity
  • Pancreatic islet morphometry