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Episodic hormone secretion: a comparison of the basis of pulsatile secretion of insulin and GnRH

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Abstract

Rhythms govern many endocrine functions. Examples of such rhythmic systems include the insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cell, which regulates blood glucose, and the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron, which governs reproductive function. Although serving very different functions within the body, these cell types share many important features. Both GnRH neurons and beta-cells, for instance, are hypothesized to generate at least two rhythms endogenously: (1) a burst firing electrical rhythm and (2) a slower rhythm involving metabolic or other intracellular processes. This review discusses the importance of hormone rhythms to both physiology and disease and compares and contrasts the rhythms generated by each system.

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Acknowledgments

Supported by NIH Grants RO1DK46409 to LSS and RO1DK089182 to CSN.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801413, Charlottesville, VA, 22901, USA

    Craig S. Nunemaker

  2. Pharmacology Department, University of Michigan Medical School, 5128 Brehm Tower, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Leslie S. Satin

  3. Brehm Diabetes Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 5128 Brehm Tower, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Leslie S. Satin

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  1. Craig S. Nunemaker
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  2. Leslie S. Satin
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Correspondence to Craig S. Nunemaker.

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Nunemaker, C.S., Satin, L.S. Episodic hormone secretion: a comparison of the basis of pulsatile secretion of insulin and GnRH. Endocrine 47, 49–63 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-014-0212-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-014-0212-3

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