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Impact of incretin on early-phase insulin secretion and glucose excursion

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Abstract

This study investigated the impact of incretin on early-phase insulin secretion and glucose excursion. The normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) groups included 16, 8, and 19 subjects, respectively. Subjects underwent continuous glucose monitoring for 3 days, followed by an oral glucose tolerance test. Plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon, total glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-l (GLP-1) levels were measured at 30-min increments for 2 h after glucose intake. Differences with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The area under the curve (AUC) of total GIP (120-min GIP-AUC) of the T2DM group was significantly lower than those of the NGT and IGT groups. The 120-min GLP-1-AUC of the NGT group was significantly larger than those of the T2DM and IGT groups. The early-phase insulin secretion index (ΔI30/ΔG30) of the T2DM group was significantly lower than those of the NGT and IGT groups. Mean amplitudes of glycemic excursions (MAGEs) went in the order of NGT < IGT < T2DM (P < 0.01, IGT vs. NGT; P < 0.001, T2DM vs. IGT). The 120-min GIP-AUC was negatively correlated with MAGE (r = −0.464), but uncorrelated with ΔI30/ΔG30. The 120-min GLP-1-AUC was positively correlated with ΔI30/ΔG30 (r = 0.580), but negatively correlated with MAGE (r = −0.606). Incretin may ameliorate glucose excursions, and GLP-1 may exert them by promoting early-phase insulin secretion. No correlation was observed between GIP secretion and early-phase insulin secretion.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Science and Technology Projects of Guangdong Province (2009B011400036) in China.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical standards

This study complied with the current laws of the People’s Republic of China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan Road West, Guang Zhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China

    Jie Shen, Zhi Chen, Chaofeng Chen, Xiao Zhu & Yajuan Han

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  1. Jie Shen
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  2. Zhi Chen
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  3. Chaofeng Chen
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  4. Xiao Zhu
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  5. Yajuan Han
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jie Shen.

Additional information

Jie Shen and Zhi Chen contributed equally to this study.

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Shen, J., Chen, Z., Chen, C. et al. Impact of incretin on early-phase insulin secretion and glucose excursion. Endocrine 44, 403–410 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-012-9867-9

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