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GC and VDR SNPs and Vitamin D Levels in Parkinson’s Disease: The Relevance to Clinical Features

NeuroMolecular Medicine volume 19, pages 24–40 (2017)Cite this article

An Erratum to this article was published on 21 July 2016

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is suggested to be associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Our aim was to investigate the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD) levels of PD patients in Turkish cohort, to investigate any association of vitamin D binding protein (GC) genotypes with PD due to the significant role of GC in vitamin D transport, to determine whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) haplotype that we previously demonstrated to be a risk haplotype for AD is also a common haplotype for PD and to investigate any relevant consequence of serum 25OHD levels, GC or VDR genotypes on clinical features of PD. Three hundred eighty-two PD patients and 242 healthy subjects were included in this study. The serum 25OHD levels were investigated by CLIA, and GC and VDR SNPs were evaluated with LightSnip. Our results indicated a strong relationship between low serum 25OHD levels and PD (p < 0.001). rs7041 of GC and ApaI of VDR were associated with the PD risk (p < 0.05). Minor allele carriers for BsmI of VDR gene in both PD patients and healthy subjects had significantly higher levels of serum 25OHD (p < 0.05). The homozygous major allele carriers for rs2282679, rs3755967 and rs2298850 of GC gene in PD patients with slower progression had significantly higher levels of serum 25OHD (p  < 0.05). Minor allele carriers for FokI of VDR gene were more frequent in patients with advanced-stage PD (p < 0.05). Consequently, this is the first study demonstrating GC gene as a risk factor for PD. The relationship between PD’s clinical features and low 25OHD or risk genotypes might have effects on PD independently.

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Acknowledgments

The study is supported by the Research Fund of Istanbul University (Project No.: ONAP-21712).

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey

    Duygu Gezen-Ak, Merve Alaylıoğlu, Esin Candaş, İrem L. Atasoy, Selma Yılmazer & Erdinç Dursun

  2. Department of Neurology, Gumussuyu Military Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Gençer Genç

  3. Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ayşegül Gündüz, Hülya Apaydın, Güneş Kızıltan & Sibel Ertan

  4. Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Başar Bilgiç, Hakan Gürvit & Haşmet Hanağası

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  1. Duygu Gezen-Ak
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  2. Merve Alaylıoğlu
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Correspondence to Duygu Gezen-Ak or Erdinç Dursun.

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Participants in the present study were treated according to the ethical principles for medical research involving human participants described in the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki, and the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Istanbul University.

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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12017-016-8426-6.

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Gezen-Ak, D., Alaylıoğlu, M., Genç, G. et al. GC and VDR SNPs and Vitamin D Levels in Parkinson’s Disease: The Relevance to Clinical Features. Neuromol Med 19, 24–40 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-016-8415-9

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Keywords

  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin D binding protein
  • GC
  • Vitamin D receptor
  • SNP