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Curcumin Nanoparticles Attenuate Neurochemical and Neurobehavioral Deficits in Experimental Model of Huntington’s Disease

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Abstract

Till date, an exact causative pathway responsible for neurodegeneration in Huntington’s disease (HD) remains elusive; however, mitochondrial dysfunction appears to play an important role in HD pathogenesis. Therefore, strategies to attenuate mitochondrial impairments could provide a potential therapeutic intervention. In the present study, we used curcumin encapsulated solid lipid nanoparticles (C-SLNs) to ameliorate 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP)-induced HD in rats. Results of MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) staining of striatum revealed a marked decrease in Complex II activity. However, C-SLN-treated animals showed significant increase in the activity of mitochondrial complexes and cytochrome levels. C-SLNs also restored the glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase activity. Moreover, significant reduction in mitochondrial swelling, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and reactive oxygen species was observed in rats treated with C-SLNs. Quantitative PCR and Western blot results revealed the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 antioxidant pathway after C-SLNs administration in 3-NP-treated animals. In addition, C-SLN-treated rats showed significant improvement in neuromotor coordination when compared with 3-NP-treated rats. Thus, the results of this study suggest that C-SLNs administration might be a promising therapeutic intervention to ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunctions in HD.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial assistance received from the Department of Science and Technology and the University Grants Commission under the PURSE and SAP programs.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

    Rajat Sandhir, Aarti Yadav, Arpit Mehrotra & Aditya Sunkaria

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Amandeep Singh & Sadhna Sharma

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  1. Rajat Sandhir
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Correspondence to Rajat Sandhir.

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Sandhir, R., Yadav, A., Mehrotra, A. et al. Curcumin Nanoparticles Attenuate Neurochemical and Neurobehavioral Deficits in Experimental Model of Huntington’s Disease. Neuromol Med 16, 106–118 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-013-8261-y

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