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Advances and Applications of Cancer Organoids in Drug Screening and Personalized Medicine

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Abstract

In recent years, the rapid emergence of 3D organoid technology has garnered significant attention from researchers. These miniature models accurately replicate the structure and function of human tissues and organs, offering more physiologically relevant platforms for cancer research. These intricate 3D structures not only serve as promising models for studying human cancer, but also significantly contribute to the advancement of various potential applications in the field of cancer research. To date, organoids have been efficiently constructed from both normal and malignant tissues originating from patients. Using such bioengineering platforms, simulations of infections and cancer processes, mutations and carcinogenesis can be achieved, and organoid technology is also expected to facilitate drug testing and personalized therapies. In conclusion, regenerative medicine has the potential to enhance organoid technology and current transplantation treatments by utilizing genetically identical healthy organoids as substitutes for irreversibly deteriorating diseased organs. This review explored the evolution of cancer organoids and emphasized the significant role these models play in fundamental research and the advancement of personalized medicine in oncology.

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Data Availability

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Abbreviations

MRA:

Microraft array

HCS:

High-content screening

CF:

Cystic fibrosis

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

iPSC:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Rb:

Retinoblastoma

PSCs:

Pluripotent stem cells

hPSCs:

Human pluripotent stem cells

SAM:

S-adenosylmethionine

PM:

Paraxial mesoderm

WOI:

Window-of-implantation

CRC:

Colorectal cancer

PDOs:

Patient-derived organoids

OC:

Ovarian cancer

HGSOC:

High-grade serous ovarian cancer

PDAC:

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

PRMT5:

Protein arginine methyltransferase gene 5

PDXs:

Patient-derived xenografts

DLA:

Diagnostic leukapheresis

CTC:

Circulating tumor cell

NSCLC:

Non-small cell lung cancer

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Hebei Medical University and funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81971474, 8197061369 and 82201953), General Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M701036), Hebei Key R&D Program Project Special Project for the Construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Collaborative Innovation Community (No. 22347702D), and Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (C2021206011).

Funding

The work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81971474, 8197061369 and 82201953), General Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M701036), Hebei Key R&D Program Project Special Project for the Construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Collaborative Innovation Community (No. 22347702D), and Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (C2021206011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China

    Yujia Yang, Yajie Kong, Yu Hou, Zhanjing Gu & Cuiqing Ma

  2. Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China

    Yujia Yang, Yajie Kong, Yu Hou, Zhanjing Gu & Cuiqing Ma

  3. Immunology Department, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China

    Jinlei Cui & Cuiqing Ma

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  1. Yujia Yang
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YJY performed the selection of literature, drafted the manuscript, and prepared the figures. YJY, JLC, YJK, and ZJG collected the related references. YH and YJY carried out the design of this review and revised the manuscript. All authors contributed to this manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Cuiqing Ma.

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Yang, Y., Kong, Y., Cui, J. et al. Advances and Applications of Cancer Organoids in Drug Screening and Personalized Medicine. Stem Cell Rev and Rep (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-024-10714-6

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