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Potential Application of Intestinal Organoids in Intestinal Diseases

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Abstract

To accurately reveal the scenario and mecahnism of gastrointestinal diseases, the establishment of in vitro models of intestinal diseases and drug screening platforms have become the focus of attention. Over the past few decades, animal models and immortalized cell lines have provided valuable but limited insights into gastrointestinal research. In recent years, the development of intestinal organoid culture system has revolutionized in vitro studies of intestinal diseases. Intestinal organoids are derived from self-renewal and self-organization intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which can replicate the genetic characteristics, functions, and structures of the original tissues. Consequently, they provide new stragety for studying various intestinal diseases in vitro. In the review, we will discuss the culture techniques of intestinal organoids and describe the use of intestinal organoids as research tools for intestinal diseases. The role of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) played in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and the treatment of intestinal epithelial dysfunction will be highlighted. Besides, we review the current knowledge on using intestinal organoids as models to study the pathogenesis of IBD caused by epithelial dysfunction and to develop new therapeutic approaches. Finally, we shed light on the current challenges of using intestinal organoids as in vitro models.

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Funding

This work was supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (32070138; 82060105), Talent Introduction Plan of the Lanzhou University Second Hospital (yjrckyqdj-2022–01; yjrckyqdj-2021–03), the Central University Excellent Youth Team Project (537000–561223001), and Cuiying Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of the Lanzhou University Second Hospital (CY2021-MS-A05).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China

    Wenxiu Liu, Qian Wang, Yanrui Bai, Han Xiao, Zhunduo Li, Yan Wang, Jing Yang & Hui Sun

  2. Lanzhou Huazhitiancheng Biotechnologies Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China

    Wenxiu Liu & Qi Wang

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  1. Wenxiu Liu
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  4. Han Xiao
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  6. Yan Wang
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  7. Qi Wang
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Wenxiu Liu: writing original draft; Qian Wang, Yanrui Bai, Han Xiao, Zhunduo Li, Yan Wang: participate in the discussion; Qi Wang, Jing Yang, Hui Sun provided advice and revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Qi Wang, Jing Yang or Hui Sun.

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Liu, W., Wang, Q., Bai, Y. et al. Potential Application of Intestinal Organoids in Intestinal Diseases. Stem Cell Rev and Rep 20, 124–137 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-023-10651-w

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