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The Dual Role of ROS in Hematological Malignancies: Stem Cell Protection and Cancer Cell Metastasis

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Abstract

Background and Objective

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial role in hematopoiesis, regulation of differentiation, self-renewal, and the balance between quiescence and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The HSCs are a small population of undifferentiated cells that reside in the bone marrow (BM) and can undergo self-renewal by giving rise to mature cells.

Methods

Relevant literature was identified through a PubMed search (2000–2019) of English-language papers using the following terms: reactive oxygen species, hematopoietic stem cell, leukemic stem cell, leukemia and chemotherapy.

Results

HSCs are very sensitive to high levels of ROS and increased production of ROS have been attributed to HSC aging. HSC aging induced by both cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors is linked to impaired HSC self-renewal and regeneration. In addition, the elevated ROS levels might even trigger differentiation of Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) and ROS may be involved in the initiation and progression of hematological malignancies, such as leukemia.

Conclusion

Targeting genes involved in ROS in LSCs and HSCs are increasingly being used as a critical target for therapeutic interventions. Appropriate concentration of ROS may be an optimal therapeutic target for treatment of leukemia during chemotherapy, but still more studies are required to better understanding of the of ROS role in blood disorders.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank all our colleagues in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Azin Samimi, Mohammad Javad Khodayar & Hadis Alidadi

  2. Legal Medicine Organization, Legal Medicine Research Center, Ahvaz, Iran

    Azin Samimi

  3. Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Mohammad Javad Khodayar & Hadis Alidadi

  4. Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Elahe Khodadi

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  1. Azin Samimi
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Correspondence to Elahe Khodadi.

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Highlights

Increased production of ROS leads to HSC aging and LSC trigger differentiation which is involved in progression of hematological malignancies.

Targeting ROS genes involved in LSCs and HSCs can be used as a target for therapeutic interventions in leukemia.

\Appropriate concentration of ROS may be a therapeutic target for treatment of leukemia during chemotherapy

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Samimi, A., Khodayar, M.J., Alidadi, H. et al. The Dual Role of ROS in Hematological Malignancies: Stem Cell Protection and Cancer Cell Metastasis. Stem Cell Rev and Rep 16, 262–275 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-019-09949-5

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