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Molecular Mechanisms of Tumorgenesis and Metastasis of Long Non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1 in Human Solid Tumors; An Update

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Abstract

The expression of the nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1), as a well-known long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), is often upregulated in varied types of cancers and associated with poor survival outcomes in patients suffering from tumors. NEAT1 promotes the tumors growth by influencing the various genes’ expression profile that regulate various aspects of tumor cell behavior, in particular tumor growth, metastasis and drug resistance. This suggests that NEAT1 are capable of serving as a new diagnostic biomarker and target for therapeutic intervention. Through interrelation with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), NEAT1 acts as a scaffold RNA molecule, and thus regulating the expression EZH2-associated genes. Additionally, by perform as miRNA sponge, it constrains suppressing the interactions between miRNAs-mediated degradation of target mRNAs. In light of this, NEAT1 inhibition by small interfering RNA (siRNA) hampers tumorgenesis. We summarize recent findings about the expression, biological functions, and regulatory process of NEAT1 in human tumors. It specifically emphasizes the clinical significance of NEAT1 as a novel diagnostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic mark for many types of cancers.

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Abbreviations

(NEAT1):

Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1

(CRC):

colorectal cancer

(NR4A1):

nuclear receptor 4 A1

(CPSF4):

cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4

(PCa):

prostate cancer

(HBXAP):

Hepatitis B x-antigen associated protein

(NSCLC):

non-small cell lung cancer

(CC):

Cervical cancer

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, for financially supporting this work through the Large Research Group Project under Grant no. R.G.P.2/369/44.

Funding

Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia (Grant no. R.G.P.1/323/44).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Y. Alshahrani

  2. Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Applied Science, University of Fallujah, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq

    Raed Obaid Saleh

  3. Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed Hjazi

  4. Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560069, India

    Pooja Bansal

  5. Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India

    Pooja Bansal

  6. School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, 247341, India

    Harpreet Kaur

  7. Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831001, India

    Harpreet Kaur

  8. Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India

    Mahamedha Deorari

  9. Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Farag M. A. Altalbawy

  10. College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq

    Anaheed Hussein Kareem

  11. Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

    Hamza Fadhel Hamzah

  12. Department of Technical Engineering, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq

    Bahira Abdulrazzaq Mohammed

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Contributions

M.Y.A, A.H, P.B, H.K, M.D, F.M.A.A, A.H.K, H.F.H, B.A.M and R.O.S wrote the main manuscript text and A.H. prepared figures. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Raed Obaid Saleh or Farag M. A. Altalbawy.

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Alshahrani, M.Y., Saleh, R.O., Hjazi, A. et al. Molecular Mechanisms of Tumorgenesis and Metastasis of Long Non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1 in Human Solid Tumors; An Update. Cell Biochem Biophys (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-024-01287-9

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