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Avocado Paste Phenolics Mitigate a High-Fat Diet-Induced Plasma HDL Decrease in Male Wistar Rats, by Altering the mRNA Expression of Hepatic SCARB1

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Abstract

Avocado paste (AP) is the main industrial byproduct of its processing, and retains various phenolic compounds (PCs). PCs are known to normalize the plasma lipid profile, but those from avocado byproducts have been minimally studied. We report the normalizing effects of an AP-derived phenolic extract (PE) on the plasma lipid profile of male Wistar rats. A standard (SD) and high-fat diet (HFD) were formulated, and the same diets were supplemented with 1 g/kg of diet of PE (SD + PE and HFD + PE). Rats were fed these diets during an 8-week period. The HFD induced signs of dyslipidemia, but PE treatment countered the decrease in HDL. Relative mRNA expression (real-time PCR) of the hepatic HDL receptor (SCARB1) increased in both groups (SD + PE and HFD + PE), while the LDR receptor (LDLR) increased in SD + PE group. The mRNA expression of apolipoproteins APOA1 and APOB was unaffected. We conclude that PCs from AP can counter a diet-induced decrease in plasma HDL by acting on the mRNA expression of its hepatic receptor.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

D.A.C.-S. thanks Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for the scholarship that allowed her to obtain her Master’s degree, while N.J.S.-L. thanks CONACyT for her postdoctoral fellowship.

Funding

This work was supported by CONACYT, through project “De los subproductos alimenticios de vegetales a nuevos productos de valor agregado, el papel de la tecnología en la bioeconomía” (320351); by Instituto de Bebidas de la Industria Mexicana de Coca-Cola through project “Inducción de saciedad y modulación de la digestión intestinal de lípidos ejercidos por los compuestos fenólicos de aguacate Hass” (Premio Nacional en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos 2019), and by Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. (CIAD).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CONAHCYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico

    J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila

  2. Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico

    Norma J. Salazar-López, Diana A. Corella-Salazar, Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia, Mónica A. Villegas-Ochoa & Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

  3. Facultad de Medicina de Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, 21000, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico

    Norma J. Salazar-López

  4. Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, Avenida Luis Donaldo Colosio y Calle de la Reforma, Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico

    Marcelino Montiel-Herrera

  5. Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud. Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del Pronaf y Estocolmo s/n, 32310, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico

    Joaquín Rodrigo-Garcia

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  1. J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila
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Contributions

G.A.G.-A.: conceptualization, funding acquisition, investigation, project administration, resources, supervision, conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft; J.A.D.-A.: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, funding acquisition, methodology, project administration, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing; N.J.S.-L. and M.M.-H.: formal analysis, investigation, methodology, writing—review and editing; D.A.C.-S. and H.A.-G.: formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing; J.R.-G. and M.A.V.-O.: investigation, methodology, project administration, supervision.

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Correspondence to J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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The experimental protocol was reviewed and approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Research Centre for Food and Development (CIAD) (CE/014_1/2019), and followed national and international guidelines applicable for animal experimentation.

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Domínguez-Avila, J.A., Salazar-López, N.J., Montiel-Herrera, M. et al. Avocado Paste Phenolics Mitigate a High-Fat Diet-Induced Plasma HDL Decrease in Male Wistar Rats, by Altering the mRNA Expression of Hepatic SCARB1. Cell Biochem Biophys 82, 119–126 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-023-01190-9

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