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Protective effect of Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide on apoptosis and mitochondrial damage induced by pseudorabies virus in PK-15 cells

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Abstract

Previous studies have confirmed that Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide (PGPSt) has the effects of regulating immunity and anti-apoptosis, but its effect on mitochondrial damage and apoptosis caused by PRV infection is still unclear. In this research, the effects of PGPSt on the cell viability, mitochondria morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis caused by PRV based on PK-15 cells were respectively examined by CCK-F assay, Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos, JC-1 staining method and Western blot etc. CCK-F test results showed that PGPSt had a protective effect on the decrease of cell viability caused by PRV. The results of morphological observation found that PGPSt can improve mitochondrial morphology damage, mitochondrial swelling and thickening, and cristae fracture. Fluorescence staining test results showed that PGPSt alleviated the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis in infected cells. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins showed that PGPSt down-regulated the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and up-regulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in infected cells. These results indicated that PGPSt protected against PRV-induced PK-15 cell apoptosis by inhibiting mitochondrial damage.

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Acknowledgements

The project was supported by Shandong Key R&D Program (GG201809160113), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 31872535), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M632704, 2019T120601) and Funds of Shandong “Double Tops” Program. PK-15 cell and PRV provided by G.X. (China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control).

Author contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Conceived the projects, J.L., Y.L. and Y.X.; designed and executed the experiments, C.Q., M.Z. and G.C.; analyzed the data, Y.X. and Y.C.; project administration, J.L. and Y.L.; material preparation, G.X.;funding acquisition, J.L. and Y.L. All authors discussed the results. J.L. and Y.X. co-wrote the paper.

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Yuxiao Xing, Yukun Cui

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, 271018, China

    Yuxiao Xing, Yukun Cui, Changxi Qi, Meihua Zhang, Guodong Cheng & Jianzhu Liu

  2. China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, China

    Guanlong Xu

  3. Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, 271018, China

    Yongxia Liu

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  1. Yuxiao Xing
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Correspondence to Yongxia Liu or Jianzhu Liu.

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This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Shandong Agricultural University (2021-76).

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Xing, Y., Cui, Y., Xu, G. et al. Protective effect of Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide on apoptosis and mitochondrial damage induced by pseudorabies virus in PK-15 cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 81, 493–502 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-023-01141-4

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