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Association of Magnesium Depletion Score with Congestive Heart Failure: Results from the NHANES 2007–2016

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Abstract

The magnesium depletion score (MDS) is considered a new valuable and reliable predictor of body magnesium status. This study aimed to explore the association between MDS and congestive heart failure (CHF) among US adults. A total of 19,227 eligible participants from the 2007–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were enrolled in this study and then divided into three groups according to the level of MDS (none to low: MDS=0–1, middle: MDS=2, high: MDS=3–5). Sample-weighted logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) exploring the independent relationship between MDS and CHF. The estimated prevalence of CHF increased with the increasing level of MDS (none to low: 0.86%, middle: 4.06%, high: 13.52%; P < 0.001). Compared to those in the none-to-low group, participants in the middle and high groups were at significantly higher risk of CHF after adjusting for various covariates (model 3: OR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.05–2.30, P < 0.001; OR=3.20, 95%CI: 2.07–4.96, P < 0.001; respectively). Subgroup analyses indicated that adequate dietary magnesium intake could reduce the risk of CHF in participants who did not meet the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for magnesium. Besides, there was an interaction between coronary artery disease and MDS on CHF (P for interaction < 0.001). These findings indicated that MDS, a novel indicator estimating magnesium deficiency, is associated with the risk of CHF in non-institutionalized US civilians. Participants whose dietary magnesium intake reaches the RDA might be at lower risk.

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Data Availability

Publicly available datasets were analyzed in this study. This data can be found here: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. NSFC8210022135) and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (No. 2021-1-I2M-016).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China

    Diming Zhao, Pengfei Chen, Mingjian Chen, Liang Chen & Liqing Wang

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Contributions

Liqing Wang and Diming Zhao conceived and designed the study. Diming Zhao and Pengfei Chen conducted data collection, data analysis, and data interpretation. Diming Zhao, Mingjian Chen, and Liang Chen contributed to literature checks and data visualization. Diming Zhao drafted the initial manuscript and all authors made critical revisions of the manuscript. Diming Zhao and Liqing Wang verified the underlying study data. All authors read the manuscript and approved the final draft. All authors confirm that they had full access to all the data in the study and accept responsibility to submit for publication.

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Correspondence to Liqing Wang.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the National Center for Health Statistics Ethics Review Board (Protocol #2005-06, Protocol #2011-17).

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Informed consents were obtained from all subjects involved in the original NHANES study, so no additional consent was required.

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Zhao, D., Chen, P., Chen, M. et al. Association of Magnesium Depletion Score with Congestive Heart Failure: Results from the NHANES 2007–2016. Biol Trace Elem Res 202, 454–465 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-023-03697-x

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