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Evaluation of Serum Selenium and Copper Levels with Inflammatory Cytokines and Indices of Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes

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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic and multifactorial disease in which inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and certain trace elements seem to have an essential role. This study investigated the relationship between serum selenium and copper level with inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in T2DM.

In this case–control study, 30 patients with T2DM and 30 healthy individuals were selected. Serum levels of copper and selenium were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry, and TNF-α and IL-6 and oxidative stress markers were measured by ELISA. The SPSS v.22 was used for data analysis and the significance level is less than 5%.

The mean age of patients was 52.9 ± 10.4 years, and the control group was 48.5 ± 10.4 years. In this study, 53.3% were female, and 46.7% were male. The levels of BMI (p = 0.002), systolic pressure (p = 0.034), insulin, selenium, malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.0001; each), insulin resistance, copper, and superoxide dismutase, IL6, and TNF-α (p = 0.001; each) in T2DM were significantly higher than the control group. While levels of lipid profile, uric acid, creatinine, and diastolic pressure were not significantly different between the two groups. Selenium and copper are related to insulin resistance, and their increasing levels are associated with increased levels of markers of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines (p < 0.05).

Increased levels of copper and selenium are associated with T2DM and this increase is also associated with increased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and oxidative stress in T2DM. Therefore, controlling these markers can lead us to control this disease better.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to all colleagues at Islamic Azad University, Mashhad branch for their help and support, especially all colleagues at Innovative Medical Research Center of Shahinfar, as well as colleagues at Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

    Vahid Pouresmaeil

  2. Innovative Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

    Vahid Pouresmaeil

  3. Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

    Ali Hakem Al Abudi, Ammar Hossein Mahimid & Ali Es-haghi

  4. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

    Mohammad Sarafraz Yazdi

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  1. Vahid Pouresmaeil
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  4. Mohammad Sarafraz Yazdi
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  5. Ali Es-haghi
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Correspondence to Vahid Pouresmaeil.

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Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

The Ethical Committee approved the study protocol of the Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran (registration no. IR.IAU.MSHD.REC.1399. 138).

Consent for Publication

Patients who were willing to participate in the study were asked to sign written informed consent before participation in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Vahid Pouresmaeil, Ali Hakem Al Abudi, and Ammar Hossein Mahimid have contributed equally to this work.

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Pouresmaeil, V., Al Abudi, A.H., Mahimid, A.H. et al. Evaluation of Serum Selenium and Copper Levels with Inflammatory Cytokines and Indices of Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 617–626 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03191-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03191-w

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