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Relationships Between Urinary Metals and Diabetes Traits Among Mexican Americans in Starr County, Texas, USA

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Abstract

Hispanics/Latinos have higher rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the origins of these disparities are poorly understood. Environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including some metals and metalloids, are implicated as diabetes risk factors. Data indicate that Hispanics/Latinos may be disproportionately exposed to EDCs, yet they remain understudied with respect to environmental exposures and diabetes. The objective of this study is to determine how metal exposures contribute to T2D progression by evaluating the associations between 8 urinary metals and measures of glycemic status in 414 normoglycemic or prediabetic adults living in Starr County, Texas, a Hispanic/Latino community with high rates of diabetes and diabetes-associated mortality. We used multivariable linear regression to quantify the differences in homeostatic model assessments for pancreatic β-cell function, insulin resistance, and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, HOMA-S, respectively), plasma insulin, plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) associated with increasing urinary metal concentrations. Quantile-based g-computation was utilized to assess mixture effects. After multivariable adjustment, urinary arsenic and molybdenum were associated with lower HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, and plasma insulin levels and higher HOMA-S. Additionally, higher urinary copper levels were associated with a reduced HOMA-β. Lastly, a higher concentration of the 8 metal mixtures was associated with lower HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, and plasma insulin levels as well as higher HOMA-S. Our data indicate that arsenic, molybdenum, copper, and this metal mixture are associated with alterations in measures of glucose homeostasis among non-diabetics in Starr County. This study is one of the first to comprehensively evaluate associations of urinary metals with glycemic measures in a high-risk Mexican American population.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 ES028879 and R21 ES030884 supporting RMS; P30 ES027792 supporting MA and RMS; UL1 TR002003 supporting MA and RMS via the UIC Center for Clinical and Translational Science; University of Illinois at Chicago’s Medical-Scientist Training Program T32 GM079086 supporting MS; and R01 DK116378 supporting DA and CLH). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Margaret C. Weiss, Yu-Hsuan Shih & Maria Argos

  2. College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Margaret C. Weiss & Robert M. Sargis

  3. Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Molly Scannell Bryan

  4. Chicago Center for Health and Environment, Chicago, IL, USA

    Molly Scannell Bryan, Maria Argos & Robert M. Sargis

  5. Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA

    Brian P. Jackson

  6. Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    David Aguilar & Craig L. Hanis

  7. Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Robert M. Sargis

  8. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Suite E625, M/C 640, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Robert M. Sargis

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Weiss, M.C., Shih, YH., Bryan, M.S. et al. Relationships Between Urinary Metals and Diabetes Traits Among Mexican Americans in Starr County, Texas, USA. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 529–538 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03165-y

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