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Condensed Tannins Improved Immune Functions and Reduced Environmental Pollution of Captive Sichuan Black Goat Kids Under Cadmium Toxicity

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Abstract

To investigate the effects of condensed tannins (CT) on immune functions and nitrogen (N) emissions of captive Sichuan black goat kids under cadmium (Cd) toxicity, a total of 18 Sichuan black goat kids (2 months old, 9.6 ± 1.2 kg) were randomly used in this 30-day trial. The dietary treatments were (1) CON group, basic diet; (2) Cd group, basic diet + oral 10 mg Cd/kg·BW; and (3) CT group, Cd group + 400 mg/kg CT. Oral Cd supplementation significantly decreased the Cu and Fe contents in serums and livers of captive Sichuan black goat kids (P < 0.05), but adding CT in the Cd group increased the Fe and Mo contents and decreased the Cd content in serums and livers (P < 0.05). Additional CT supplementation in the Cd group extremely increased the activities of serum SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT (P < 0.05), and greatly decreased the serum MDA content (P < 0.05). The CT supplementation in the Cd group also extremely increased the concentrations of serum IgG, IgM, and IgA (P < 0.05), and greatly decreased the contents of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in serums (P < 0.05). Adding CT in the Cd group significantly increased the apparent digestibility of CP and EE and decreased the urinary nitrogen (UN) content (P < 0.05, Table 7). In conclusion, the application of additional CT improved antioxidant capacities and immune functions of captive black goats under Cd toxicity, then reduced the oxidative stress and toxic damage of Cd contamination. CT also improved the N digestibility and reduced the N emission, which was helpful to reduce environmental pollution.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by Research on high-quality development indicators and assessment system of the Guizhou tobacco business (No. 201931), Guizhou Science and Technology Project of China National Tobacco Corporation in 2019.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guizhou Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China

    Peng Tian

  2. College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China

    Haiyan Li & Yachao Wang

  3. Zhengyu Feed Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528000, China

    Quanyou Qiu

Authors
  1. Peng Tian
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  2. Haiyan Li
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  4. Yachao Wang
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Contributions

Peng Tian: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Software, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition. Haiyan Li: Preparation, Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing-original draft. Quanyou Qiu: Supervision, Preparation, Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing-original draft. Yachao Wang: Visualization, Investigation, Software, Formal analysis, Resources, Writing- reviewing & editing.

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Correspondence to Yachao Wang.

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The protocol for the present experiment was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Southwest University of Science and Technology (SWUST20210293).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Tian, P., Li, H., Qiu, Q. et al. Condensed Tannins Improved Immune Functions and Reduced Environmental Pollution of Captive Sichuan Black Goat Kids Under Cadmium Toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 4325–4331 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-03044-y

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