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Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on the Expression of Developmental and Apoptosis Genes of Testicular Tissue in 6-Day-Old NMRI Mice Fetuses

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Abstract

Cerium oxide (CeO2) has potential applications in medicine and various consumer products. This study investigated the effect of CeO2 on the expression of genes associated with apoptosis and testicular development in mouse embryos. The experimental groups of pregnant mice were injected intraperitoneally with CeO2 at a concentration of 10 mg/kg on days 7 and 14 of pregnancy. Six days after birth, the testicles of neonatal male mice were collected for mRNA expression determination using real-time PCR, protein expression analysis by immunohistochemistry, and apoptotic cell population determination using the TUNEL assay. The results showed that the mRNA expression of the Bax, Caspase-3, and Gsk3-β genes, unlike the Bcl2 gene, decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. The expression ratio of Bax/Bcl2 in the experimental group was lower than in the control group. A similar trend was observed in the population of apoptotic cells. In the experimental group, the expression levels of, Gata4, Sox8, and Rad54 at both the mRNA and protein levels increased significantly compared to the control group. Based on the results of this study, CeO2 at a concentration of 10 mg/kg, in addition to producing anti-apoptotic effects on the testicular cells of neonatal mice, can increase the expression of genes involved in testicular development and performance. The current experimental study proved the protective effects of 10 mg/kg CeO2 in developmental and apoptosis genes of testicular tissue in 6-day-old NMRI mice fetuses; however, more experiments are required to evaluate the possible side effects and interactions.

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Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

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Acknowledgements

We express our appreciation to all members of the Cellular and Molecular Research Center for their helpful consultation and deliberation during this work.

Funding

Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (No. IR.MUK.REC.1400.094).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Golzar Amiri, Fardin Fathi & Tamana Rostami

  2. Medical Technology Research Center, Institute Health Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Mohammadreza Gholami & Afsaneh Nemati

  3. Cancer and Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Vahideh Assadollahi & Masoud Alasvand

  4. Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Mohammad Raman Moloudi

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  1. Golzar Amiri
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Contributions

All the authors contributed to the experimental design and performed experiments and also contributed to data analysis, interpretation of the results, and drafting of the manuscript. The main responsible for the drafting of the manuscript was Vahideh Assadollahi and Masoud Alasvand.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mohammad Raman Moloudi or Masoud Alasvand.

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Ethical Approval

All stages of this experiment are in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethics Committee of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran (Approval ID IR.MUK.REC.1400.094).

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Amiri, G., Gholami, M., Assadollahi, V. et al. Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on the Expression of Developmental and Apoptosis Genes of Testicular Tissue in 6-Day-Old NMRI Mice Fetuses. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 3265–3274 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02939-0

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