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Determination of the Fluoride Content in Water of Aqueducts of Cauca (Colombia) by Ion Exchange Chromatography

Biological Trace Element Research volume 199, pages 4867–4875 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Water for human consumption is the main source of fluoride exposure. The concentration in water should not exceed 1 mg/L of fluoride since, at higher levels; it increases the risk of dental fluorosis, among other adverse effects. The fluoride content of 149 water samples from different aqueducts in Cauca (Colombia) has been determined by ion exchange chromatography with the aim of fluoride risk assessment. The rural area of the Municipality of Santander de Quilichao registered fluoride concentrations between 0.012 and 0.150 mg/L. The urban area of Santander de Quilichao recorded lower fluoride levels than the rural area (0.027–0.068 mg/L). The urban area of the Municipality of Cajibío registered fluoride levels of 0.082–0.186 mg/L. The highest levels of fluoride were found in Timbío (0.121–0.210 mg/L). The fluoride levels recorded in this study are not considered sufficient to trigger dental fluorosis. Likewise, optimal levels are not considered to protect the child population against dental caries. However, a monitoring plan of fluoride concentrations in water should be implemented to assure the quality and safe of the water.

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Author information

Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Odontology, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia

    Inés A. Revelo-Mejía

  2. Dentist Research Group of the Urban Zone, Municipality of Santander de Quilichao, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia

    Daniela Enríquez, Deisy Espinosa & Andrés Peña

  3. Dentist Research Group of the Rural Zone, Municipality of Santander de Quilichao, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia

    Ingrid Bolaño, Yobany Moná, Catherine Peña & Daniel Prado

  4. Dentist Research Group, Vereda Pisojé, Municipality of Popayán, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia

    Luisa Ardila & Jennifer López

  5. Dentist Research Group, Municipality of Cajibío, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia

    Yoely Cortes, Jennifer Muñoz, Julieth Muñoz & Juan Sánchez

  6. Dentist Research Group, Municipality of Piendamó, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia

    Yuliana Erazo, Luis López, Angie Mosquera & Daniela Pérez

  7. Dentist Research Group, Municipality of Timbío, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia

    Yamid Ordoñez & Jhon H. Torres

  8. Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain

    Arturo Hardisson, Carmen Rubio, Ángel J. Gutiérrez & Soraya Paz

Authors
  1. Inés A. Revelo-Mejía
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  2. Daniela Enríquez
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  3. Deisy Espinosa
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  5. Ingrid Bolaño
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  6. Yobany Moná
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  7. Catherine Peña
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  8. Daniel Prado
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  9. Luisa Ardila
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  10. Jennifer López
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  11. Yoely Cortes
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  12. Jennifer Muñoz
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  14. Juan Sánchez
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  15. Yuliana Erazo
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  16. Luis López
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  17. Angie Mosquera
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  18. Daniela Pérez
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  19. Yamid Ordoñez
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  20. Jhon H. Torres
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  21. Arturo Hardisson
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  22. Carmen Rubio
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  23. Ángel J. Gutiérrez
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  24. Soraya Paz
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Correspondence to Soraya Paz.

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Revelo-Mejía, I.A., Enríquez, D., Espinosa, D. et al. Determination of the Fluoride Content in Water of Aqueducts of Cauca (Colombia) by Ion Exchange Chromatography. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 4867–4875 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02569-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02569-y

Keywords

  • Fluoride
  • Water
  • Risk assessment
  • Dental fluorosis
  • Ion exchange chromatography