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Chromium Exposure Causes Structural Aberrations of Erythrocytes, Gills, Liver, Kidney, and Genetic Damage in Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

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Abstract

Heavy metal pollution due to anthropogenic activities poses a great threat to aquatic organisms. The present study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate) on hemato-biochemical, histo-pathological, and genetical changes in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Three sub-lethal doses (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/L) of chromium (Cr) were selected and fish were exposed in vivo contrasting with a control (0 mg/L) for 30 days. The study revealed that various hemato-biochemical parameters showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), and blood glucose content, whereas white blood cells (WBCs) significantly increased in Cr exposed fish. Frequencies of all forms of structural abnormalities of erythrocytes (erythrocytic cellular abnormalities; ECA, erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities; ENA and erythroblasts; Ebs) were significantly increased in higher two test concentrations (1.6 and 3.2 mg/L) when compared to control. Differential leucocyte count exhibited significant increase in neutrophil and decrease in lymphocytes in the highest Cr treated group. The severity of various histo-pathological changes in the gills, liver, and kidney were increased considerably with the increase of Cr concentrations. Similarly, the amount of DNA (ng/μl) decreased significantly in blood and tissues of different vital organs where the liver showed the highest decline compared to control in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken altogether, P. hypophthalmus is susceptible to Cr and can be used as a bio-indicator to assess aquatic metal pollution.

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Data Availability

Data sharing are not applicable to this article. The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author (M. Shahjahan).

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Acknowledgments

We are really grateful to Rayeda Jannat for her help in sampling and technical assistance.

Funding

This study was supported by the grants from the NATP-II, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (CRG-364) and Ministry of Education of Bangladesh (2017/503/MoE) to the corresponding author (Md. Shahjahan).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

    Sajida Akter Suchana, Md Shaker Ahmed, S. M. Majharul Islam, Muhammad Lutfar Rahman, Mst Kaniz Fatema & Md Shahjahan

  2. Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh

    Muhammad Lutfar Rahman

  3. Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

    Md Fazle Rohani

  4. Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

    Tanzina Ferdusi & A. K. Shakur Ahmmad

  5. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh

    Muhammad Badruzzaman

Authors
  1. Sajida Akter Suchana
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  2. Md Shaker Ahmed
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  3. S. M. Majharul Islam
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  4. Muhammad Lutfar Rahman
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  5. Md Fazle Rohani
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  6. Tanzina Ferdusi
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  7. A. K. Shakur Ahmmad
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  8. Mst Kaniz Fatema
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  9. Muhammad Badruzzaman
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  10. Md Shahjahan
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Contributions

Suchana, Ahmed, and Islam performed the experiments and collected data. Rahman and Rohani drafted the manuscript. Ferdusi assisted in data collection. Ahmmad, Fatema, and Badruzzaman were assisted in data analysis and edited the manuscript. Md. Shahjahan assisted in the experimental design and edited the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Md Shahjahan.

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Ethics Approval

The experimental procedures followed the guidance approved by the animal care and use committee of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh (Approval Number: BAU-FoF/2019/007).

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Suchana, S.A., Ahmed, M.S., Islam, S.M.M. et al. Chromium Exposure Causes Structural Aberrations of Erythrocytes, Gills, Liver, Kidney, and Genetic Damage in Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 3869–3885 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02490-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02490-4

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