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Evaluation of the Mineral Content in Forage Palm (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill and Nopalea cochenillifera) Using Chemometric Tools

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Abstract

An acid digestion procedure of the forage palm (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill and Nopalea cochenilifera) employing a closed digestor block applied full 24 factorial design was optimized. The optimal conditions were HNO3 5.0 mol L−1, 2.0 mL of H2O2 30% m m−1, 120 min of digestion, and heating temperature of 180 °C. The certified reference materials of apple leaves (NIST 1515) and tomato leaves (Agro C1003a) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the analytical method. The concentrations of the macroelements were (in % m m−1) Ca (1.32–3.71), K (0.88–5.29), Mg (0.70–1.78), and P (0.03–0.32). For the microelements, the concentrations (in μg g−1) obtained were As (< 1.39), Cd (< 0.10), Cu (< 0.17–5.6), Fe (8.0–50.2), Na (< 1.85), Sr (41–348), and Zn (17.3–159). Essential elements such as Ca, Mg, and Zn made good contributions to daily intake, being an alternative to meet the nutritional needs of these macroelements and microelements in humans. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to evaluate the results, obtaining trends between the samples in relation to their mineral composition.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB, Brazil), the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoas de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brasília, Brazil, Finance Code 001), the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil), and the Programa de Apoio a Jovens Professores Doutores (PROPESQ/UFBA, Brazil - Edital PROPCI/PROPG n°. 004/2016) for providing grants, fellowships and for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil

    Filipe B. Santana, Hilária F. A. Silveira, Laís A. Souza, Rennan Geovanny O. Araujo & Daniele Cristina M. B. Santos

  2. Departamento de Oceanografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil

    Sarah Adriana R. Soares

  3. Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 41195-001, Brazil

    Aníbal de Freitas Santos Júnior

  4. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do CNPq – INCT de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil

    Rennan Geovanny O. Araujo & Daniele Cristina M. B. Santos

  5. Grupo de Pesquisa em Química Analítica (GPQA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil

    Daniele Cristina M. B. Santos

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  1. Filipe B. Santana
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Santana, F.B., Silveira, H.F.A., Souza, L.A. et al. Evaluation of the Mineral Content in Forage Palm (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill and Nopalea cochenillifera) Using Chemometric Tools. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 3939–3949 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02484-2

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