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Concentration of Potentially Harmful Elements (PHEs) in Trout Fillet (Rainbow and Brown) Fish: a Global Systematic Review and Meta-analysis and Health Risk Assessment

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Abstract

In this work, articles regarding the concentration on potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in fillet trout (rainbow and brown) fishes were retrieved from Cochrane, Scopus, and PubMed databases between 1 January 1983 and 30 April 2020. The pooled concentration of PHEs in fillet trout fishes was meta-analyzed using a random-effect model (REM) and following the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks was calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method. The meta-analysis of 42 articles (43 data report) revealed that a sort of PHEs in fillet trout was 19,996.64 μg/kg ww for Fe; 1834.75 μg/kg ww for Co; 772.21 μg/kg ww for Cu; 335.78 μg/kg ww for Ni; 290.46 μg/kg ww for Se; 226.20for Cr; 178.11 μg/kg ww for Pb; 77.40 μg/kg ww for Hg; 19.40 μg/kg ww for Cd; and 3.66 μg/kg ww for inorganic As. The non-carcinogenic risk assessment indicated that the lowest and highest hazard index (HI) in the adults was Pakistan (0.0012) and Turkey (0.2388), respectively, and in children was Pakistan (0.0057) and Turkey (1.114), respectively. The non-carcinogenic risk was acceptable for adult consumers in all countries (HI > 1 value) but non-carcinogenic risk for children was not acceptable in Turkey. The sort of countries based on carcinogenic risk in the adults due to inorganic As was China (1.44E−06) > Iran (9.14E−08) > Turkey (4.45E−08) > Portugal (9.04E−10). The carcinogenic risk was threshold for adult consumers in China (CR < 10–6). Consumption of fillet trout (rainbow and brown) content of PHEs in many countries cannot endanger the health of consumers.

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Funding

This study was financially supported by grants from the student research committee at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (#21152).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

    Yadolah Fakhri

  2. Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

    Amene Nematollahi

  3. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran

    Zohreh Abdi-Moghadam

  4. Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Hasti Daraei

  5. Deputy of Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran

    Seyed Mehdi Ghasemi

  6. Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), 475A Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Van Nam Thai

Authors
  1. Yadolah Fakhri
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  2. Amene Nematollahi
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  3. Zohreh Abdi-Moghadam
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  4. Hasti Daraei
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  5. Seyed Mehdi Ghasemi
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  6. Van Nam Thai
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Correspondence to Van Nam Thai.

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Fakhri, Y., Nematollahi, A., Abdi-Moghadam, Z. et al. Concentration of Potentially Harmful Elements (PHEs) in Trout Fillet (Rainbow and Brown) Fish: a Global Systematic Review and Meta-analysis and Health Risk Assessment. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 3089–3101 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02419-x

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