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Selenium Nutritional Status and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity and Its Relationship with Hemodialysis Time in Individuals Living in a Brazilian Region with Selenium-Rich Soil

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Abstract

Suboptimal selenium status may impair the antioxidant defense system in patients undergoing hemodialysis, compromising the selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase activity. To evaluate the association between the duration of hemodialysis, nutritional selenium status, glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis in a region of selenium-rich soils (Ceará, Northeast Brazil). The case-control study of 75 individuals aged 18 to 88 years was allocated between two groups: hemodialysis (n = 41) and control (n = 34). Plasma and erythrocytes selenium levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The GPx activity and TBARS levels were also evaluated. In addition, the hemodialysis group was stratified according to the duration of treatment (≤ 59 months and ≥ 60 months). The Mann–Whitney test, Student’s t test, and Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation were applied according to the data distribution. Moreover, a quantile regression was performed. The significance level (p) was < 0.05. The hemodialysis group had lower selenium levels in their plasma and erythrocytes than the control group (p < 0.001). However, there was no difference in the GPx activity between the groups. Furthermore, an association between the hemodialysis group and selenium levels in plasma (coefficient − 16,343, p < 0.001) and erythrocytes (coefficient − 7839, p = 0.003) was observed by quantile regression, independent of age, sex, and body-mass index. In individuals who had undergone treatment for 60 months or more, GPx activity was lower (p = 0.026) and TBARS levels higher (p = 0.011) than in those who had undergone treatment for less than 60 months. The status of selenium was reduced in the hemodialysis group compared to the control group. The lower GPx activity and higher levels of TBARS in individuals who had undergone treatment for 60 months or more correlated with greater oxidative stress.

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Funding

LVP acknowledges financial support from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES – Grant 88881.337237/2019-01), Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nutrition and Health Post-Graduation Program, State University of Ceará (UECE), Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, CCS Directory Square, Itaperi Campus, Fortaleza, CE, 60740-000, Brazil

    Christielle Félix Barroso, Priscila Pereira Pessoa, Camilla Oliveira Duarte de Araújo & Carla Soraya Costa Maia

  2. Nutrition Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil

    Liliane Viana Pires

  3. Micronutrients and Chronic Diseases Research Group, Stare University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil

    Larissa Bezerra Santos

  4. Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Gilberto Simeone Henriques

  5. Pronefron Clinic, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

    Gueyhsa Nobre de Araújo

  6. HUWC Renal Transplant Unit - Federal University of Ceará and Fortaleza General Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

    Cláudia Maria Costa Oliveira

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  1. Christielle Félix Barroso
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  8. Cláudia Maria Costa Oliveira
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Correspondence to Carla Soraya Costa Maia.

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This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Health Secretary of the State of Ceará (No. 203.906) and followed the procedures of the Helsinki Declaration. Informed consent was obtained from all participants in the study.

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Barroso, C.F., Pires, L.V., Santos, L.B. et al. Selenium Nutritional Status and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity and Its Relationship with Hemodialysis Time in Individuals Living in a Brazilian Region with Selenium-Rich Soil. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 2535–2542 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02388-1

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