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Nanometals in Dentistry: Applications and Toxicological Implications—a Systematic Review

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Abstract

Nanotechnology is a vital part of health care system, including the dentistry. This branch of technology has been incorporated into various fields of dentistry ranging from diagnosis to prevention and treatment. The latter involves application of numerous biomaterials that help in restoration of esthetic and functional dentition. Over the past decade, these materials were modified through the incorporation of metal nanoparticles (NP) like silver (Ag), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and zirconia (Zr). They enhanced antimicrobial, mechanical, and regenerative properties of these materials. However, lately, the toxicological implications of these nanometal particles have been realized. They were associated with cytotoxicity, genotoxicity altered inflammatory processes, and reticuloendothelial system toxicity. As dental biomaterials containing metal NPs remain functional in oral cavity over prolonged periods, it is important to know their toxicological effects in humans. With this background, the present systematic review is aimed to gain an insight into the plausible applications and toxic implications of nano-metal particles as related to dentistry.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India

    Rupali Agnihotri

  2. Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India

    Sumit Gaur

  3. Engineering Department, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, 23504, USA

    Sacharia Albin

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  1. Rupali Agnihotri
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  2. Sumit Gaur
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Agnihotri, R., Gaur, S. & Albin, S. Nanometals in Dentistry: Applications and Toxicological Implications—a Systematic Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 197, 70–88 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01986-y

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