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Effect of Trace Minerals and B Vitamins on the Proliferation/Cytotoxicity and Mineralization of a Gilthead Seabream Bone–Derived Cell Line

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Abstract

Trace minerals and vitamins are known modulators of bone metabolism, and dietary optimization of these components may improve skeletal development and reduce the occurrence of skeleton deformities in farmed fish. As for larval stages, mineral and water-soluble vitamin nutrition requirements are lacking in research efforts and knowledge is scarce. An in vitro cell system developed from gilthead seabream vertebra and capable of mineralization was used to assess the effect of B vitamins (thiamin and pyridoxine) and trace minerals (copper, manganese, and zinc in a sulfated and chelated form) on cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization. Dependent on dose, inhibition of cellular proliferation and/or cytotoxic effects was observed for all nutrients tested and LD50 values were determined: copper, 67.4–69.5 ppm; manganese, 20.9–29.8 ppm; zinc, 37.1–42.8 ppm in sulfated and chelated form respectively; thiamin, 6273 ppm; pyridoxine, 14226 ppm. ECM mineralization was enhanced by mineral (dose and form dependent) and vitamin (dose dependent) supplementation, at non-toxic concentrations below the determined LD50s. This in vitro work confirmed the mineralogenic action of trace minerals and water-soluble vitamins and provided valuable insights for subsequent in vivo nutritional trials.

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Funding

This research has been carried out with the financial support of the LARVAMIX project (grant no. 17925) supported by Portugal and the European Union through FEDER, COMPETE 2020, and CRESC Algarve 2020, in the framework of Portugal 2020. MV received financial support by FCT/MCTES (Portugal) through a doctoral fellowship (grant PDE/BDE/113672/2015). VL acknowledges the financial support of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through project UID/Multi/04326/2019 (CCMAR). 

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIIMAR, ICBAS, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal

    Michael N. Viegas & Maria A. Salgado

  2. ADM Portugal, SA, Zona Industrial de Murtede, 3060-372, Cantanhede, Portugal

    Michael N. Viegas & Carla Aguiar

  3. SPAROS Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221, Olhão, Portugal

    Michael N. Viegas & Jorge Dias

  4. CCMAR, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal

    Vincent Laizé

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  1. Michael N. Viegas
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Viegas, M.N., Laizé, V., Salgado, M.A. et al. Effect of Trace Minerals and B Vitamins on the Proliferation/Cytotoxicity and Mineralization of a Gilthead Seabream Bone–Derived Cell Line. Biol Trace Elem Res 196, 629–638 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01939-5

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