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The Influences of Chromium Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Heart Disease

Biological Trace Element Research volume 194, pages 313–320 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

This investigation was conducted to determine the effects of chromium supplementation on metabolic status in diabetic patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed in 64 diabetic patients with CHD between October 2017 and January 2018. Patients were randomly divided into two groups to obtain either 200 μg chromium (n = 32) or placebo (n = 32) for 12 weeks. Chromium supplementation significantly reduced body weight (− 0.9 ± 1.6 vs. + 0.1 ± 0.8 kg, P = 0.001), BMI (− 0.4 ± 0.7 vs. + 0.1 ± 0.3 kg/m2, P = 0.002), fasting glucose (β − 11.03 mg/dL; 95% CI, − 18.97, − 3.09; P = 0.007), insulin (β − 1.33 μIU/mL; 95% CI, − 1.90, − 0.76; P < 0.001), and insulin resistance (β − 0.44; 95% CI, − 0.62, − 0.25; P < 0.001) and significantly increased insulin sensitivity (β 0.007; 95% CI, 0.003, 0.01; P < 0.001) compared with the placebo. In addition, taking chromium led to a significant reduction in serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β − 0.49 mg/L; 95% CI, − 0.91, − 0.06; P = 0.02) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (β − 0.22 μmol/L; 95% CI, − 0.35, − 0.10; P = 0.001); also, a significant rise in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (β 84.54 mmol/L; 95% CI, 31.05, 138.02; P = 0.002) was observed in comparison with placebo. Additionally, chromium administration significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (β − 5.01 mmHg; 95% CI, − 9.04, − 0.97; P = 0.01) compared with the placebo. Overall, the 12-week supplementation of chromium to diabetic patients with CHD had beneficial impacts on weight, BMI, glycemic control, hs-CRP, TAC, MDA, and DBP.

Trial Registration www.irct.ir: http://www.irct.ir: IRCT20170513033941N30.

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Fig. 1

Abbreviations

ACEI:

angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

ARB:

aldosterone receptor blockers

FPG:

fasting plasma glucose

GSH:

total glutathione

HOMA-IR:

homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance

HDL-cholesterol:

high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol

Hs-CRP:

high-sensitivity C-reactive protein

LDL-cholesterol:

low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol

MDA:

malondialdehyde

NO:

nitric oxide

QUICKI:

quantitative insulin sensitivity check index

VLDL-cholesterol:

very low–density lipoprotein-cholesterol

TAC:

total antioxidant capacity

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Acknowledgments

The present study was supported by a grant from the Vice-chancellor for Research, KAUMS, Kashan, Iran.

Funding

The research grant was provided by Research Deputy of Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KAUMS).

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

    Alireza Farrokhian & Mina Mahmoodian

  2. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

    Fereshteh Bahmani, Elaheh Amirani, Rana Shafabakhsh & Zatollah Asemi

Authors
  1. Alireza Farrokhian
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  2. Mina Mahmoodian
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  3. Fereshteh Bahmani
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  4. Elaheh Amirani
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  5. Rana Shafabakhsh
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  6. Zatollah Asemi
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Contributions

ZA: Conception, design, and statistical analysis, drafting of the manuscript, and supervision of the study.

AF, MM, FB, EA, and RS: Data collection and manuscript drafting.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Rana Shafabakhsh or Zatollah Asemi.

Ethics declarations

The investigation was conducted based on the Declaration of Helsinki principals. The protocol of this study was approved by Research Ethics Committee, KAUMS, and Iran. Written informed consent was taken from all patients.

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Farrokhian, A., Mahmoodian, M., Bahmani, F. et al. The Influences of Chromium Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Heart Disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 194, 313–320 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01783-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01783-7

Keywords

  • Chromium
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Metabolic status
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus