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Du-Zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) Cortex Extract Alleviates Lead Acetate-Induced Bone Loss in Rats

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Du-Zhong cortex extract (DZCE) on lead acetate-induced bone loss in rats. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: group I (control) was provided with distilled water. Group II (PbAc) received 500 ppm lead acetate in drinking water for 60 days. Group III (PbAc+DZCE) received 500 ppm lead acetate in drinking water, and given intragastric DZCE (100 mg/kg body weight) for 60 days. Group IV (DZCE) was given intragastric DZCE (100 mg/kg body weight) for 60 days. The bone mineral density, serum biochemical markers, bone histomorphology, and bone marrow adipocyte parameters were analyzed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, biochemistry, histomorphometry, and histopathology, respectively. The results showed that the lumbar spine and femur bone mineral density was significantly decreased in PbAc group compared with the control (P < 0.05); however, this decrease was inhibited by the intake of Du-Zhong cortex extract (P < 0.05, vs. PbAc group; P > 0.05, vs. control and DZCE group). Serum calcium and serum phosphorus in the PbAc+DZCE group were greater than that in the PbAc group (P < 0.05). The PbAc group had higher ALP, osteocalcin, and RANKL than the control group (P < 0.01), and they were significantly lower in the PbAc+DZCE group compared with the PbAc group. There were no significant differences of ALP, osteocalcin, and RANKL among the PbAc+DZCE, control, and DZCE groups (P > 0.05). Serum OPG and OPG/RANKL ration were significantly higher in the PbAc+DZCE group than that in the PbAc group (P < 0.05). The bone histomorphometric analyses showed that bone volume and trabecular thickness in the femoral trabecular bone were significantly lower in the PbAc group than that in the control group, but those were restored in the PbAc+DZCE groups. The bone marrow adipocyte number, percent adipocyte volume per tissue volume (AV/TV), and mean adipocyte diameter were significantly increased in the PbAc group compared to the control (P < 0.01), and those were restored in the PbAc+DZCE group. The differences of those parameters between PbAc+DZCE, DZCE, and the control group were not significant. The results above indicate that the Du-Zhong cortex extract has protective effects on both stimulation of bone formation and suppression of bone resorption in lead-exposed rats, therefore, Du-Zhong cortex extract has the potential to prevent or treat osteoporosis resulting from lead expose.

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Funding

This work was supported by the High-end Foreign Expert Recruitment Programme of State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (GDT20176100048), Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development, Collaborative Innovation Center Research Funds QBXT-Z(P)-15-25, Shaanxi Science and Technology Coordinating Innovation Engineering Program (2015KTTSSF01-03, 2015HBGC-18), the Key Project of Agricultural Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province (2017NY-082), Postdoctoral Program in Shaanxi University of Technology (SLGBH16-03), and Research Project of Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (17JK0153).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vitamin D Research Institute, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China

    Shanshan Qi

  2. College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China

    Hongxing Zheng, Chen Chen & Hai Jiang

  3. Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China

    Chen Chen

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  1. Shanshan Qi
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  2. Hongxing Zheng
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Correspondence to Hongxing Zheng or Chen Chen.

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Qi, S., Zheng, H., Chen, C. et al. Du-Zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) Cortex Extract Alleviates Lead Acetate-Induced Bone Loss in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 187, 172–180 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-018-1362-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-018-1362-6

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