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Hepatic Transcriptome Profiles Differ Among Maturing Beef Heifers Supplemented with Inorganic, Organic, or Mixed (50 % Inorganic:50 % Organic) Forms of Dietary Selenium

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Abstract

Selenium (Se) is an important trace mineral that, due to deficiencies in the soil in many parts of the USA, must be supplemented directly to the diet of foraging cattle. Both organic and inorganic forms of dietary Se supplements are available and commonly used, and it is known that Se form affects tissue assimilation, bioavailability, and physiological responses. However, little is known about the effects of form of dietary Se supplements on gene expression profiles, which ostensibly account for Se form-dependent physiological processes. To determine if hepatic transcriptomes of growing beef (Angus-cross) heifers (0.5 kg gain/day) was altered by form of dietary supplemental Se, none (Control), or 3 mg Se/day as inorganic Se (ISe, sodium selenite), organic (OSe, Sel-Plex®), or a blend of ISe and OSe (1.5 mg:1.5 mg, Mix) Se was fed for 168 days, and the RNA expression profiles from biopsied liver tissues was compared by microarray analysis. The relative abundance of 139 RNA transcripts was affected by Se treatment, with 86 of these with complete gene annotations. Statistical and bioinformatic analysis of the annotated RNA transcripts revealed clear differences among the four Se treatment groups in their hepatic expression profiles, including (1) solely and commonly affected transcripts; (2) Control and OSe profiles being more similar than Mix and ISe treatments; (3) distinct OSe-, Mix-, and ISe-Se treatment-induced “phenotypes” that possessed both common and unique predicted physiological capacities; and (4) expression of three microRNAs were uniquely sensitive to OSe, ISe, or Mix treatments, including increased capacity for redox potential induced by OSe and Mix Se treatments resulting from decreased expression of MiR2300b messenger RNA. These findings indicate that the form of supplemental dietary Se consumed by cattle will affect the composition of liver transcriptomes resulting, presumably, in different physiological capacities.

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Abbreviations

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

BOLA-DQA2:

Bos taurus major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2

DEG:

Differentially expressed gene

DDHD1:

Phosphatidic acid-prefering phospholipase A1

GHRH:

Growth hormone-releasing hormone

GPX1:

Cellular glutathione peroxidase-1

ISe:

Inorganic selenium

miRNA:

microRNA

mRNA:

Messenger RNA

Mix:

50:50 ISe:OSe

OSe:

Organic selenium

QPCT:

Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferease

Se:

Selenium

SeCys:

Selenocysteine

SeMet:

Selenomethionine

SEPW:

Selenoprotein W

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Alltech-University of Kentucky Animal Nutrigenomics Alliance (JCM), University of Kentucky, and Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. The information reported in this paper (publication no. 14-07-038) is part of a project of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and is published with approval of the Director.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA

    James C. Matthews, Zhi Zhang, Jennifer D. Patterson, Phillip J. Bridges & J. A. Boling

  2. Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA

    Arnold J. Stromberg

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  1. James C. Matthews
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  2. Zhi Zhang
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Correspondence to James C. Matthews.

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Matthews, J.C., Zhang, Z., Patterson, J.D. et al. Hepatic Transcriptome Profiles Differ Among Maturing Beef Heifers Supplemented with Inorganic, Organic, or Mixed (50 % Inorganic:50 % Organic) Forms of Dietary Selenium. Biol Trace Elem Res 160, 321–339 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0050-4

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