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Iodine Excess Induces Hepatic Steatosis Through Disturbance of Thyroid Hormone Metabolism Involving Oxidative Stress in BaLB/c Mice

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Abstract

Iodine excess is emerging as a new focus. A better understanding of its hazardous effects on the liver will be of great benefit to health. The aim of this study is to illustrate the effects of iodine excess on hepatic lipid homeostasis and explore its possible mechanisms. One hundred twenty BaLB/c mice were given iodine at different levels (0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, and 4.8 mg I/L) in drinking water for 1 or 3 months. Lipid parameters and serum thyroid hormones were measured. Hepatic type 1 deiodinase activity and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated. The mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Dose-dependent increase of hepatic triglyceride content was detected (r = 0.680, P < 0.01) in iodine-loaded groups. Evident hepatic steatosis was observed in 2.4 and 4.8 mg I/L iodine-loaded groups. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) were decreased, and the malondialdehyde level was increased by excessive iodine in both serum and liver in a dose-dependent manner, accompanying the decrease of hepatic D1 activity. That resulted in the increase of serum total thyroxine and the decrease of serum total triiodothyronine in iodine-loaded groups. The mRNA expression of SREBP-1c and FAS was increased in iodine-loaded groups in response to the change of serum triiodothyronine. Present findings demonstrated that iodine excess could dose dependently induce hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, our data suggested that the disturbance of thyroid hormone metabolism involving oxidative stress may play a critical role in iodine excess-induced hepatic steatosis.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, no. 81102127 and 81172668. There is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China

    Yun Xia

  2. Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China

    Wei Qu

  3. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science andTechnology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China

    Li-Na Zhao, Hao Han, Xue-Feng Yang, Xiu-Fa Sun & Li-Ping Hao

  4. Shen Zhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518020, China

    Jian Xu

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  1. Yun Xia
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Correspondence to Jian Xu.

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Xia, Y., Qu, W., Zhao, LN. et al. Iodine Excess Induces Hepatic Steatosis Through Disturbance of Thyroid Hormone Metabolism Involving Oxidative Stress in BaLB/c Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 154, 103–110 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9705-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9705-9

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