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Effects of Long-Term Fixed Orthodontic Treatment on Salivary Nickel and Chromium Levels: a 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study

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Abstract

Effect of long-term orthodontic treatment on salivary nickel and chromium has not been quite assessed except in few retrospective studies with controversial results. The aim of this prospective study was to measure salivary levels of these ions during 1 year of orthodontic treatment. Saliva samples were collected from 20 orthodontic patients, before treatment (control) and 6 and 12 months later. Nickel and chromium concentrations were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using one- and two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, Bonferroni, Friedman (α = 0.05), and Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests (α = 0.016). Average nickel level changed from 9.75 ± 5.02 to 10.37 ± 6.94 and then to 8.32 ± 4.36 μg/L in 1 year. Average chromium concentration changed from 3.86 ± 1.34 to 4.6 ± 6.11 and then to 2.04 ± 1.66 μg/L. Alterations in nickel values were not statistically significant [P = 0.468 (ANOVA)], but fluctuations in chromium levels were [P = 0.021 (Friedman)]. The decrease in chromium concentration after 12 months was significant compared to the control [P = 0.004 (Wilcoxon)]. Although slightly increased after 6 months, the concentration of both ions dropped to levels slightly lower than the control groups after 12 months.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Fariborz Amini

  2. Department of Dental Anatomy and Morphology, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, #4 Tenth Neyestan St., Pasdaran Ave., Tehran, PO Box 19585-175, Iran

    Vahid Rakhshan

  3. Tehran, Iran

    Nasim Mesgarzadeh

Authors
  1. Fariborz Amini
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  2. Vahid Rakhshan
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  3. Nasim Mesgarzadeh
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Correspondence to Vahid Rakhshan.

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Amini, F., Rakhshan, V. & Mesgarzadeh, N. Effects of Long-Term Fixed Orthodontic Treatment on Salivary Nickel and Chromium Levels: a 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 150, 15–20 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-012-9457-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-012-9457-y

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