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Proline Alters Antioxidant Enzyme Defenses and Lipoperoxidation in the Erythrocytes and Plasma of Rats: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

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Abstract

In the present study, we investigated, in vivo (acute and chronic) and in vitro, the effects of proline on the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes and also investigated the effect on thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in the plasma of rats. For the experiments, the number of animals per group ranged from eight to ten. For acute administration, 29-day-old rats received one subcutaneous injection of proline (18.2 μmol/g body weight) or an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline solution (control) and were killed 1 h later. For chronic treatment, buffered proline was injected subcutaneously into rats twice a day at 10 h intervals from the 6th to the 28th day of age. Rats were killed 12 h after the last injection. For in vitro studies, proline (30.0 μM to 1.0 mM) was added to the incubation medium. Results showed that acute administration of proline reduced CAT and increased SOD activities, while chronic treatment increased the activities of CAT and SOD in erythrocytes and TBARS in the plasma of rats. Furthermore, in vitro studies showed that proline increased TBARS in the plasma (0.5 and 1.0 mM) and CAT activity (1.0 mM) in the erythrocytes of rats. The influence of the antioxidants (α-tocopherol plus ascorbic acid) on the effects elicited by proline was also studied. Treatment with antioxidants for 1 week or from the 6th to the 28th day of age prevented the alterations caused by acute and chronic, respectively, proline administration on the oxidative parameters evaluated. Data indicate that proline alters antioxidant defenses and induces lipid peroxidation in the blood of rats.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from Universidade Regional de Blumenau and PIBIC/CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciências Naturais, CCEN, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, CEP 89012-900, Blumenau, SC, Brazil

    José Geraldo Pereira da Cruz & Débora Delwing Dal Magro

  2. Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Região de Joinville–UNIVILLE, Campus Universitário, Bairro Bom Retiro, CEP 89201-972, Joinville, SC, Brazil

    Daniela Delwing de Lima

  3. Departamento de Medicina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, CEP 89012-900, Blumenau, SC, Brazil

    Roberto Roecker & Gustavo M. Junges

  4. Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Angela T. S. Wyse

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  1. Roberto Roecker
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  2. Gustavo M. Junges
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  3. Daniela Delwing de Lima
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  4. José Geraldo Pereira da Cruz
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  5. Angela T. S. Wyse
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  6. Débora Delwing Dal Magro
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Correspondence to Débora Delwing Dal Magro.

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Roecker, R., Junges, G.M., de Lima, D.D. et al. Proline Alters Antioxidant Enzyme Defenses and Lipoperoxidation in the Erythrocytes and Plasma of Rats: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Biol Trace Elem Res 147, 172–179 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-011-9276-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-011-9276-6

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