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Iodine, Selenium, and Other Trace Elements in Urine of Pregnant Women

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Abstract

The purpose of this work was to determine trace element levels in urine and evaluate possible associations between urinary iodine concentration (UIC), other trace elements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, Se, Zn), toxic elements (Cd, Pb), anthropometrical measures (body weight and height), glycemic indices (serum insulin and glucose), and several parameters related to thyroid function (thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, antithyroid peroxidase antibodies, thyroid volume, and thyroid echogenicity) in pregnant women. One hundred sixty-nine participants were recruited. The whole study group, originating from Krakow region, comprised three subgroups belonging to three trimesters: I trimester (n = 28), II trimester (n = 83), and III trimester (n = 58). Trace elements were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass/(atomic emission) spectrometry. Partial least square model was used to reveal correlation structure between parameters investigated, as well as a possible causal relationship between dependent parameters and potentially explanatory parameters. Results obtained for trace and toxic elements in urine were comparable with results of other authors, although the study group was not homogenous. We confirmed (1) low iodine excretion in pregnant women, (2) the existence of statistically significant correlation between UIC and urinary selenium, and (3) lack of correlation between latter parameter and typical indices of thyroid function. Urinary selenium correlated with other urinary trace elements, but physiological significance of this finding remains uncertain. The fact that a large number of pregnant women fail to meet dietary recommendations for iodine is the major reason for concern.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland

    Zbigniew Szybiński, Grzegorz Sokołowski & Filip Gołkowski

  2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland

    Stanisław Walas & Halina Mrowiec

  3. Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland

    Paweł Zagrodzki

  4. Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland

    Paweł Zagrodzki

Authors
  1. Zbigniew Szybiński
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  2. Stanisław Walas
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  3. Paweł Zagrodzki
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  4. Grzegorz Sokołowski
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  5. Filip Gołkowski
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  6. Halina Mrowiec
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Correspondence to Paweł Zagrodzki.

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Szybiński, Z., Walas, S., Zagrodzki, P. et al. Iodine, Selenium, and Other Trace Elements in Urine of Pregnant Women. Biol Trace Elem Res 138, 28–41 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-009-8601-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-009-8601-9

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