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Mutagenic and Genotoxic Effects of cis-(Dichloro)tetraammineruthenium(III) Chloride on Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

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Abstract

Chemotherapeutic agents play an important role in cancer treatment mostly due their systemic action on human organism allowing access to liquid tumors and even metastases. Among these drugs, ruthenium compounds have been showing promising results to treat tumors and represent an important development of new antitumor therapy. This study presents the evaluation of cis-(dichloro)tetraammineruthenium(III) chloride, cis-[RuCl2(NH3)4]Cl, genotoxic effects using human peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in vitro. Mitotic index (MI), chromosome aberrations (CA), and DNA damage using the comet assay were analyzed. MI in human peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures treated with 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 μg mL−1 cis-[RuCl2(NH3)4]Cl were 5.9%, 4.6%, 3.9%, and 0%, respectively. Doxorubicin chloridate was used as the positive control. CA derived from 1, 10, and 100 μg mL−1 concentrations were defined as spontaneous when compared with the negative control, and at the concentration of 1,000 μg mL−1, the cell cycle was inhibited (IM = 0%). Results obtained for the comet assay using cis-[RuCl2(NH3)4]Cl suggest that this compound has no genotoxic activity against cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Research and Projects Financing (FINEP) (grant no. 01.06.0941.00/CT-Saúde to Elisângela de Paula Silveira-Lacerda), by Coordination for the Advancement of Higher Education Staff (CAPES) through a fellowship to Alessandra de Santana Braga Barbosa Ribeiro, and by Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) through fellowships to Flávia de Castro Pereira (grant no. 381302/2007-5), Cesar Augusto Sam Tiago Vilanova-Costa (grant no. 381303/2007-1), and Aliny Pereira de Lima (grant no. 370646/2007-0).

Funding sources

There are not any financial or personal interests that might be viewed as an inappropriate influence to work presented. The attached manuscript, “Mutagenic and genotoxic effects of cis-(dichloro)tetraammineruthenium(III) chloride on human peripheral blood lymphocytes,” was completely financed by governmental and nonprofit institutions, Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), Research and Projects Financing (FINEP), and Coordination for the Advancement of Higher Education Staff (CAPES).

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  1. Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás-UFG, ICB I-Sala 200, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, 74001-970, Brazil

    Alessandra de Santana Braga Barbosa Ribeiro, Flávia de Castro Pereira, Aliny Pereira de Lima, Cesar Augusto Sam Tiago Vilanova-Costa, Simone Santos Aguiar & Elisângela de Paula Silveira-Lacerda

  2. Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Católica de Goiás-UCG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    Cláudio Carlos da Silva & Aparecido Divino da Cruz

  3. LaGene-Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Molecular, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Goiás-SES-GO, Goiânia, Brazil

    Cláudio Carlos da Silva & Aparecido Divino da Cruz

  4. Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Luiz Alfredo Pavanin

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  1. Alessandra de Santana Braga Barbosa Ribeiro
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Correspondence to Alessandra de Santana Braga Barbosa Ribeiro.

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Ribeiro, A.S.B.B., da Silva, C.C., Pereira, F.C. et al. Mutagenic and Genotoxic Effects of cis-(Dichloro)tetraammineruthenium(III) Chloride on Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes. Biol Trace Elem Res 130, 249–261 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-009-8334-9

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