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The Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of the Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Archidendron pauciflorum against Multidrug-Resistant Strains

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Abstract

Endophytes associated with medicinal plants are a potential source of valuable natural products. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of endophytic bacteria from Archidendron pauciflorum against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. A total of 24 endophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaf, root, and stem of A. pauciflorum. Seven isolates showed antibacterial activity with different spectra against four MDR strains. Extracts derived from four selected isolates (1 mg/mL) also displayed antibacterial activity. Among four selected isolates, DJ4 and DJ9 isolates exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa strain M18, as indicated by the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) (DJ4 and DJ9 MIC: 7.81 µg/mL; DJ4 and DJ9 MBC: 31.25 µg/mL). 2 × MIC of DJ4 and DJ9 extracts was found to be the most effective concentration to inhibit more than 52% of biofilm formation and eradicate more than 42% of established biofilm against all MDR strains. 16S rRNA-based identification revealed four selected isolates belong to the genus Bacillus. DJ9 isolate possessed nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene, and DJ4 isolate possessed NRPS and polyketide synthase type I (PKS I) gene. Both these genes are commonly responsible for secondary metabolites synthesis. Several antimicrobial compounds, including 1,4-dihydroxy-2-methyl-anthraquinone and paenilamicin A1, were detected in the bacterial extracts. This study highlights endophytic bacteria isolated from A. pauciflorum provide a great source of novel antibacterial compounds.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Tjandrawati Mozef from The Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), for the detailed discussion during the research.

Funding

This study was funded by The Institution of Research and Community Services, IPB University, Indonesia, through “Penelitian Dosen Muda” Program under grant number 2881/IT3.L1/PT.01.03/M/T/2022, which was awarded to Jepri Agung Priyanto.

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  1. Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

    Jepri Agung Priyanto & Rika Indri Astuti

  2. Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Serpong, Indonesia

    Muhammad Eka Prastya

  3. Indonesian Marine Education and Research Organisation (MERO) Foundation, Br. Dinas Muntig, Bali, Indonesia

    Rhesi Kristiana

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JAP, MEP, and RIA contributed to the experimental design. JAP, MEP, and RK were involved in laboratory work and data analysis. JAP, MEP, and RIA confirmed and interpreted all research data and contributed to paper writing.

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Priyanto, J.A., Prastya, M.E., Astuti, R.I. et al. The Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of the Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Archidendron pauciflorum against Multidrug-Resistant Strains. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 6653–6674 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-023-04382-4

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