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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PGB02 Improved Serum Cholesterol Profile by Tweaking Genes Involved in Cholesterol Homeostasis in Male Swiss Albino Mice

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Abstract

The effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PGB02 isolated from buttermilk on serum cholesterol profile of normal and hypercholesterolemic mice was evaluated. Further changes in the expression of mice genes were determined. The hypercholesterolemia was induced in experimental mice by feeding high cholesterol and fat diet. Serum cholesterol parameters, physical parameters, cholic acid excretion, and cholesterol metabolism related gene expression analysis was carried out. L. plantarum PGB02 efficiently reduced total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol and improved HDL-cholesterol in hypercholesterolaemic mice. Body weight was reduced and fecal cholic acid increased in probiotic treatment groups. Gene expression analysis revealed that L. plantarum PGB02 up-regulated the expression of LDL receptors, CYP7A1, ABCA1, ABCG5, ABCG8, and down-regulated the expression of FXR and NPC1L1 genes. Summarizing the mechanism, L. plantarum PGB02 improved hypercholesterolemia by increasing bile acid synthesis and excretion, reducing exogeneous cholesterol absorption from the intestine, and increased LDL clearance through upregulation of LDL-receptors. The present study has given insight into the mechanism of serum cholesterol reduction by bile salt hydrolase positive L. plantarum PGB02 in mice. L. plantarum PGB02 reduced the serum cholesterol level through increased bile acid synthesis and deconjugation and reduced absorption of cholesterol in the intestine. Isolate PGB02 shown cholesterol removal potential as good as statin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post Graduate Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Satellite Campus, Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Anand, 388315, Gujarat, India

    Hiren A. Dhameliya, Jyoti D. Solanki, Dhaval T. Patel, Vasudev R. Thakkar & R. B. Subramanian

  2. Department of Zoology & Biomedical Technology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India

    Linz-buoy George

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Contributions

Hiren Dhameliya: conceptualization, methodology, and manuscript preparation; Jyoti Solanki: methodology and work-plan preparation; Dhaval Patel: methodology and conceptualization; Linz-buoy George: methodology and supervision; Vasudev Thakkar: supervision and validation; R. B. Subramanian: conceptualization, reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to R. B. Subramanian.

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The study protocol was approved by Institutional Animal Ethics Committee, under registration No. 167/199/CPCSEA from the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals, Delhi, India.

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Dhameliya, H.A., Solanki, J.D., Patel, D.T. et al. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PGB02 Improved Serum Cholesterol Profile by Tweaking Genes Involved in Cholesterol Homeostasis in Male Swiss Albino Mice. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 3180–3193 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04307-7

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