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Downstream Process Development for Extraction of Prodigiosin: Statistical Optimization, Kinetics, and Biochemical Characterization

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Abstract

Prodigiosin is natural red colourant derived from Serratia marcescens. However, the high cost of prodigiosin restricts its use in food and pharmaceutical industries, which can be addressed with the design of a suitable extraction procedure. Therefore, the present study aims to use Taguchi methodology to optimize various process parameters during ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to get a higher prodigiosin extraction yield. The most significant contribution comes from the solid-to-liquid ratio (36.66%), followed by sonication of duty cycle (34.82%), medium pH (15.7%), and acoustic intensity (12.82%). The Taguchi technique predicts the highest optimal yield using the solid–liquid ratio (0.3 g/mL), duty cycle sonication (75%), acoustic intensity (12.5 w/cm2), and medium pH (3) as parameters. When the extraction conditions were optimized, the yield of prodigiosin increased by 4166.89 mg/L. In the future, the above extraction conditions determined using Taguchi approach will be applied for large-scale extraction of prodigiosin. Finally, a second-order kinetic model is used to suit the batch extraction investigation and the second-order rate constant (k) has a value of 4 × 10−5 L/mg/min. In the future, the rate constant, which is reported for the first time, will be used to create a batch extractor for commercial extraction of prodigiosin. Prodigiosin has also been shown to have substantial antioxidant and scavenging properties, which increase in a dose-dependent way with prodigiosin concentration. Because of its antioxidant and scavenging properties, prodigiosin can be used as food additives or pharmaceutical ingredients in industries.

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Data Availability

The data generated or obtained during this research’s experiment is available to the associated author (Tania Paul), and can be made available to this journal at a fair cost upon request.

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Acknowledgements

Tania Paul, Dr. Biswanath Bhunia and Dr. Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay thank the Director of the National Institute of Technology Agartala for his encouragement and assistance.

Funding

Tania Paul, and Dr. Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay would like to express their gratitude to the Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Agartala, for financial support (NITA/ChE/ROG/2015/01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Agartala, 799046, India

    Tania Paul & Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India

    Abhijit Mondal

  3. Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, India

    Nibedita Mahata

  4. Department of Bio Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Agartala, 799046, India

    Biswanath Bhunia

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  1. Tania Paul
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  2. Abhijit Mondal
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  5. Biswanath Bhunia
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection were performed by Tania Paul, and analysis was performed by Biswanath Bhunia and Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Abhijit Mandal and Nibedita Mahata and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Biswanath Bhunia.

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Paul, T., Mondal, A., Bandyopadhyay, T.K. et al. Downstream Process Development for Extraction of Prodigiosin: Statistical Optimization, Kinetics, and Biochemical Characterization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 194, 5403–5418 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04053-w

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