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Corn Steep Liquor: Green Biological Resources for Bioindustry

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Abstract

Corn steep liquor (CSL) is a by-product of the wet milling process and contains mostly crude proteins, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, reducing sugars, organic acids, enzymes and other nutrients. The concentration of organic matter in the CSL is high and the yield is large. If directly discharged into the integrated wastewater treatment system, the load and cost of wastewater treatment will be greatly increased. On the other hand, most of the organic matter in the CSL is a valuable resource that can be reused and recovered, and has a significant resource potential. How to develop and utilize CSL has become a major problem faced by enterprises and society. In recent years, people have done a lot of research on the comprehensive utilization of CSL. CSL is commonly used as an inexpensive source of nitrogen, carbon or vitamins in the production of glutamate, antibiotics, lactic acid and other biotechnologies. This article reviews the active ingredients of CSL and their analytical methods, as well as its use for microbial culture medium, low-cost animal feed, biosurfactant, and biostimulant.

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Funding

The project was supported by the Foundation (No. ESIBBC202009) of Qilu University of Technology of Cultivating Subject for Biology and Biochemistry.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, People’s Republic of China

    Kemeng Zhou, Yaohong Ma, Lei Cai, Lan Zheng, Weili Gong & Qing-ai Liu

  2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biosensors, 250103, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

    Kemeng Zhou, Yaohong Ma, Lei Cai, Lan Zheng, Weili Gong & Qing-ai Liu

  3. Shandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Science & Technology Co. Ltd, Tai’an, 27100, People’s Republic of China

    Jian Yu

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  1. Kemeng Zhou
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Contributions

KMZ and JY contributed equally to the curation and writing of manuscript; QAL designed the study, supervised and revised the manuscript; YHM and LC performed reviewing and editing; LZ and WLG contributed to the revision of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Qing-ai Liu.

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Zhou, K., Yu, J., Ma, Y. et al. Corn Steep Liquor: Green Biological Resources for Bioindustry. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 194, 3280–3295 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-03904-w

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