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Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-diabetic properties, Molecular Docking, Pharmacokinetic Profiling, and Network Pharmacology Analysis of the Major Phytoconstituents of Raw and Differently Dried Mangifera indica (Himsagar cultivar): an In Vitro and In Silico Investigations

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology volume 194, pages 950–987 (2022)Cite this article

Abstract

Mango (Himsagar cultivar) is a high moisture-bearing seasonal fruit and cultivated in a wide range of the world. Mango pulp is generally preserved by sun drying. In recent days, industries are using hot-air oven, freeze, and microwave drying for mango leather (dried mango pulp in the sheet like texture) processing. Here, all these four drying methods were studied to determine the effect of drying on mango leather processing. RP-HPLC and FTIR were studied for analysis of polyphenol profile and predominant functional groups in raw and processed samples. The phytochemical analysis and medicinal properties (antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activity) of all five mango samples were studied. The bioinformatics approach was studied to evaluate the bioactive potential of the phytochemicals derived from the samples. Freeze-dried mango leather was found to be the highest in DPPH (74.23%) and Superoxide (66.04%) activity, though raw mango pulp was observed with the highest H2O2 activity (73.24%). Gallic acid was the predominant phenolic acid present in all five samples and it was maximum in the case of freeze-dried sample (2.76 ± 0.04 mg/100 g MD). On the other hand, quercetin was the predominant flavonoid, it was found maximum for freeze-dried sample (3.93 ± 0.21 mg/100 g MD).

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Data Availability

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Ramdhan Majhi (MDLC facility, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India) for his continuous support and guidance in HPLC analysis.

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Author notes

  1. Tanmay Sarkar and Kaushik Kumar Bhardwaj contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Tanmay Sarkar, Molla Salauddin & Runu Chakraborty

  2. Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Malda, 732102, Govt. of West Bengal, India

    Tanmay Sarkar

  3. Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, 781014, Assam, India

    Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj

  4. MMM Govt. Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Nadia, 741156, India

    Molla Salauddin

  5. SIAN Institute, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research (ABC), Balasore, 756001, Odisha, India

    Siddhartha Pati

  6. Department of Biotechnology, Academy of Management and Information Technology, Khordha, 752057, Odisha, India

    Siddhartha Pati

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Contributions

T.S and R.C conceived and designed the experiments; T.S and M.S performed the experiments; T.S, K.K.B analyzed the data; R.C resources, T.S, M.S, K.K.B, writing—original draft preparation, M.S formatting, editing according journal guidelines, T.S, M.S, K.K.B, S.P, writing—review and editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tanmay Sarkar or Runu Chakraborty.

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Sarkar, T., Bharadwaj, K.K., Salauddin, M. et al. Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-diabetic properties, Molecular Docking, Pharmacokinetic Profiling, and Network Pharmacology Analysis of the Major Phytoconstituents of Raw and Differently Dried Mangifera indica (Himsagar cultivar): an In Vitro and In Silico Investigations. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 194, 950–987 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-021-03669-8

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Keywords

  • Drying
  • Phytochemicals
  • Bioinformatics
  • Medicinal property
  • Multivariate analysis