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Effect of Lipopeptide-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on Candida albicans Adhesion and on the Growth of Leishmania major

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Abstract

Cyclic lipopeptides produced by Bacillus species exhibit interesting therapeutic potential. However, their clinical use remains limited due to their low stability, undesirable interactions with host macromolecules, and their potential toxicity to mammalian cells. The present work aims to develop suitable lipopeptide-loaded chitosan nanoparticles with improved biological properties and reduced toxicity. Surfactin and bacillomycin D lipopeptides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B84 strain were loaded onto chitosan nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation process. Nanoformulated lipopeptides exhibit an average size of 569 nm, a zeta potential range of 38.8 mV, and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 85.58%. Treatment of Candida (C.) albicans cells with encapsulated lipopeptides induced anti-adhesive activity of 81.17% and decreased cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) by 25.53% at 2000 µg/mL. Nanoformulated lipopeptides also induced antileishmanial activity against Leishmania (L.) major promastigote and amastigote forms at respective IC50 values of 14.37 µg/mL and 22.45 µg/mL. Nanoencapsulated lipopeptides exerted low cytotoxicity towards human erythrocytes and Raw 264.7 macrophage cell line with respective HC50 and LC50 values of 770 µg/mL and 234.56 µg/mL. Nanoencapsulated lipopeptides could be used as a potential delivery system of lipopeptides to improve their anti-adhesive effect against C. albicans cells colonizing medical devices and their anti-infectious activity against leishmania.

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Funding

This work was funded by grants from the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Tunisia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia

    Siwar Soussi, Rym Essid, Ines Karkouch, Ezzedine Aouani, Ferid Limam & Olfa Tabbene

  2. Faculté Des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia

    Siwar Soussi

  3. Laboratoire Des Matériaux Composites Et Minéraux Argileux, Centre National Des Recherches en Sciences Des Matériaux, BP-73, 8027, Soliman, Tunisia

    Houda Saad

  4. Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), Espace D’Appui À La Recherche Et de Transfert Technologique, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia

    Sarra Bachkouel

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  1. Siwar Soussi
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  2. Rym Essid
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Contributions

Siwar Soussi, Rym Essid, Ines Karkouch, and Sarra Bachkouel performed the experiments; Houda Saad, Ezzedine Aouani, and Ferid Limam analyzed the experimental data; Olfa Tabbene wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Olfa Tabbene.

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Soussi, S., Essid, R., Karkouch, I. et al. Effect of Lipopeptide-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on Candida albicans Adhesion and on the Growth of Leishmania major. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 193, 3732–3752 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-021-03621-w

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