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Proteomics and Detection of Uromodulin in First-time Renal Calculi Patients and Recurrent Renal Calculi Patients

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Abstract

Renal calculi disease or known as kidney stone disease is the most common urological disorder in both men and women, although it is more prevalent in men. The lifetime chance for an individual to develop renal calculi is ~10% whereas the risk of recurrence in a 10-year period is 74%. Therefore, a diagnostic tool for screening or detecting renal calculi is greatly needed. In this study, we analyze urinary protein profiles from patients with renal calculi for the first time (RC), healthy subjects (HS), and patients with recurrent renal calculi (RRC) to identify a biomarker for detecting the disease. Urinary proteins were isolated by salt precipitation and the proteins resolved by SDS-PAGE. Target proteins were analyzed with LC/MS/MS. Thirty-two proteins were identified from healthy subjects and patients. Uromodulin was the most abundant urinary protein in HS but was a very faint band if detected at all from those that formed renal calculi for the first time (p < 0.05). Yet the excreted levels of urinary uromodulin in RRC were similar to those of the HS suggesting that uromodulin is a reliable biomarker for only RC. In addition, a few immunoglobulins that were commonly found in the urine of both RC and RRC, which include Ig alpha heavy chain 1, Ig gamma-2 c region, Ig gamma-3 heavy chain disease protein, Ig heavy chain variable region, Ig heavy constant region gamma 4, and Ig heavy chain. Ig heavy chain Fab frag and antibody a5b7 chain B may serve as potential biomarkers for renal calculi disease.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the staff and patients of the urology clinic, Penang General Hospital, Lam Wah Ee hospital and the students and staff of the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USM for providing the urine specimens for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia

    Lau Wai-Hoe, Zhari Ismail & Gam Lay-Harn

  2. Lam Wah Ee Hospital, Penang, Malaysia

    Leong Wing-Seng

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  1. Lau Wai-Hoe
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  2. Leong Wing-Seng
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Correspondence to Gam Lay-Harn.

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Wai-Hoe, L., Wing-Seng, L., Ismail, Z. et al. Proteomics and Detection of Uromodulin in First-time Renal Calculi Patients and Recurrent Renal Calculi Patients. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 159, 221–232 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8503-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8503-x

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