Abstract
An immunoglobulin-rich fraction has been prepared from ovine blood in our laboratory. We have investigated its antibacterial activity and binding activity to pathogenic whole cell antigens, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Ovine immunoglobulin concentrate (OIC) comprised about 73 ± 2% of IgG and 11 ± 1% of IgM on a protein basis. It inhibited the growth of all 13 strains of pathogens tested, but the inhibitory activity varied according to bacterial strain. The inhibitory activity of OIC was attributed to the high contents of undenatured immunoglobulin present because its inhibitory activity was destroyed by pepsin digestion and heat treatment (65°C for 30 min). OIC bound to all the Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, regardless of cell wall structure. The highest magnitude of crossreactivity to whole cell antigens was against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Shigella soneii strains (p < 0.001). The binding activity of OIC to LPS obtained from Escherichia coli O111:B4 and Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and lymphoblast K-562 proliferation assay. OIC bound to LPS with a binding activity that was dependent on OIC concentration and saturable, showing typical hyperbolic curves. For toxin-binding activity, an OIC concentration-dependent trend like that for LPS-binding activity was also observed. This preliminary evidence suggests that the OIC used in this study could be a promising supplement for protecting against pathogenic bacteria.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Quigley J. D., 3rd, & Drew, M. D. (2000). Food and Agricultural Immunology, 12, 311–318.
Campbell, J. M., Quigley III, J. D., Russell, L. E., & Kidd, M. T. (2003). Journal of Animal Science, 81, 2776–2782.
Torrallardona, D., Conde, M. R., Badiola, I., Polo, J., & Brufau, J. (2003). Journal of Animal Science, 81, 1220–1226.
Campbell, J. M., Quigley III, J. D., Russell, L. E., & Koehnk, L. D. (2004). Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 13, 388–393.
Pierce, J. L., Cromwell, G. L., Lindemann, M. D., Russell, L. E., & Weaver, E. M. (2005). Journal of Animal Science, 83, 2876–2885.
Nofrarias, M., Manzanilla, E. G., Pujols, J., Gibert, X., Majo, N., Segales, J., et al. (2006). Journal of Animal Science, 84, 2735–2742. doi:10.2527/jas.2005-414.
Zhao, J., Harper, A. F., Estienne, M. J., Webb Jr, K. E., McElroy, A. P., & Denbow, D. M. (2007). Journal of Animal Science, 85, 1302–1310. doi:10.2527/jas.2006-434.
Coffey, R. D., & Cromwell, G. L. (1995). Journal of Animal Science, 73, 2532–2539.
Bosi, P., Casini, L., Finamore, A., Cremokolini, C., Merialdi, G., Trevisi, P., et al. (2004). Journal of Animal Science, 82, 1764–1772.
Niewold, T. A., van Dijk, A. J., Geenen, P. L., Roodink, H., Margry, R., & van der Meulen, J. (2007). Veterinary Microbiology, 124, 362–369. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.034.
Perez-Bosque, A., Miro, L., Polo, J., Russell, L., Campbell, J., Weaver, E., et al. (2008). The Journal of Nutrition, 138, 533–537.
Bhandari, S. K., Xu, B., Nyachoti, C. M., Giesting, D. W., & Krause, D. O. (2008). Journal of Animal Science, 86, 836–847. doi:10.2527/jas.2006-822.
Nollet, H., Deprez, P., van Driessche, E., & Muylle, E. (1999). Veterinary Microbiology, 65, 37–45. doi:10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00282-X.
Van Dijk, A. J., Everts, H., Nabuurs, M. J. A., Margry, R. J. C. F., & Beynen, A. C. (2001). Livestock Production Science, 68, 263–274. doi:10.1016/S0301-6226(00)00229-3.
Tomita, G. M., Todhunter, D. A., Hogan, J. S., & Smith, K. L. (1995). Journal of Dairy Science, 78, 2745–2752.
Touchette, K. J., Carroll, J. A., Allee, G. L., Matteri, R. L., Dyer, C. J., Beausang, L. A., et al. (2002). Journal of Animal Science, 80, 494–501.
Perez-Bosque, A., Pelegri, C., Vicario, M., Castell, M., Russell, L., Campbell, J. M., et al. (2004). The Journal of Nutrition, 134, 2667–2672.
Guarino, A., Canani, R. B., Russo, S., Albano, F., Canani, M. B., Ruggeri, F. M., et al. (1994). Pediatrics, 93, 12–16.
Anderson, R. C., Hancock, R. E. W., & Yu, P. L. (2004). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 48, 673–676. doi:10.1128/AAC.48.2.673-676.2004.
Al-Mashikhi, S. A., & Nakai, S. (1988). Journal of Dairy Science, 71, 1756–1763.
Laemmli, U. K. (1970). Nature, 227, 680–685. doi:10.1038/227680a0.
Yu, X. Q., & Kanost, M. R. (2002). European Journal of Biochemistry, 269, 1827–1834. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02830.x.
Choi, S. S., Kim, Y., Han, K. S., You, S., Oh, S., & Kim, S. (2006). Letters in Applied Microbiology, 42, 452–458. doi:10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.01913.x.
Duncan, D. B. (1955). Biometrics, 11, 1–42. doi:10.2307/3001478.
Arthington, J. D., Cattell, M. B., & Quigley, J. D. (2000). Journal of Dairy Science, 83, 1463–1467.
Arthington, J. D., Cattell, M. B., Quigley III, J. D., McCoy, G. C., & Hurley, W. L. (2000). Journal of Dairy Science, 83, 2834–2838.
Kats, L. J., Nelssen, J. L., Tokach, M. D., Goodband, R. D., Hansen, J. A., & Laurin, J. L. (1994). Journal of Animal Science, 72, 2075–2081.
Gatnau, R., Cain, C., Drew, M., & Zimmerman, D. (1995). Journal of Animal Science, 73(Suppl 1), 82.
Allen, D., Julet, M. R., Maass, D. C., & Steyn, R. (1997). In Immunology: Immunoglobulins: Structure and function (pp. 108–109). NY: W.H. Freeman and Company.
Owusu-Asiedu, A., Nyachoti, C. M., Baidoo, S. K., Marquardt, R. R., & Yang, X. (2003). Journal of Animal Science, 81, 1781–1789.
Morrison, D. C., & Ulevitch, R. J. (1978). American Journal of Pathology, 93, 526–617.
Van Heugten, E., Spears, J. W., & Coffey, M. T. (1994). Journal of Animal Science, 72, 2661–2669.
Steiger, M., Senn, M., Altreuther, G., Werling, D., Sutter, F., Kreuzer, M., et al. (1999). Journal of Animal Science, 77, 2523–2532.
Hazariwala, A., Sanders, Q., Hudson, C. R., Hofacre, C., Thayer, S. G., & Maurer, J. J. (2002). Avian Diseases, 46, 132–136. doi:10.1637/0005-2086(2002)046[0132:DOSEGA]2.0.CO;2.
Perez-Bosque, A., Amat, C., Polo, J., Campbell, J. M., Crenshaw, J., Russell, L., et al. (2006). The Journal of Nutrition, 136, 2838–2843.
Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. R. Chong and J. Cui for providing ovine immunoglobulin concentrates used in this work and R. Sengupta for assisting in the culture of the lymphoblast K-562 cell line.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Han, KS., Boland, M., Singh, H. et al. The In Vitro Anti-pathogenic Activity of Immunoglobulin Concentrates Extracted from Ovine Blood. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 157, 442–452 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8352-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8352-7