Abstract
Background
Historically, physicians as participants in healthcare governance were shunned because of perceived potential for conflict of interest. This maxim is being revisited as health systems begin to appreciate the value presented by physician leaders.
Questions/purposes
This overview of the orthopaedist’s role in healthcare governance will be addressed in three sections: first to identify the need for change in American healthare, second to examine the role that physicians should play in governing over this inevitable change, and third to outline strategies for effective participation for those physicians wishing to play a role in healthcare governance.
Methods
The PubMed data set was queried applying the search commands “governance AND (healthcare OR hospital) AND (doctor OR physician OR surgeon)” for the time period 1969 to 2012. In addition, the bibliographies of relevant articles were reviewed. This search strategy returned 404 titles. Abstract and article review identified 19 relevant to the topic. Bibliographic review identified five more articles of relevance forming the foundation for this review.
Results
The delivery of American health care will require change to face current economic realities. Organizations that embrace this change guided by the insight of physician governors are well positioned to recognize the simultaneous improvement in value and quality. Although few physicians are formally trained for these roles, multiple paths to becoming effective governors are available.
Conclusions
In this environment of rapid change in healthcare delivery, the medical insight of physician leadership will prove invaluable. Governing bodies should reach out to talented physicians and administratively talented physicians should rise to this challenge.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
2011 Best Place to Practice Award Recipients. Available at: www.pressganey.com/search.aspx?IndexCatalogue=Site+Search&SearchQuery=St.%20Johns. Accessed December 29, 2012.
2012 Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals (CAMH): The Official Handbook. Oakbrook Terrance, IL, USA: Joint Commission; 2012.
American College of Physician Executives. Available at: http://www.acpe.org/. Accessed December 29, 2012.
Bass KH. Physicians on the board. Understanding their delicate position can help you maximize physician trustee contributions. Healthc Exec. 2005;20:56–57.
Beckham JD. New Twist in Employing Physicians. Hospitals and Health Networks. July 5, 2005. Available at: http://www.hhnmag.com/hhnmag/index.jsp. Accessed December 29, 2012.
Berwick DM. A user’s manual for the IOM’s ‘Quality Chasm’ report. Health Aff (Millwood). 2002;21:80–90.
Daly R. Thrown a curve. CMS’ actuaries: healthcare spending will continue to increase, despite reform law promises. Mod Healthc. 2011;41:6–7.
Dolan T. Uncertain future. Leaders will need to prepare for the oncoming demands of reform. Mod Healthc. 2011;Suppl:44.
Dwyer AJ, Becker G, Hawkins C, McKenzie L, Wells M. Engaging medical staff in clinical governance: introducing new technologies and clinical practice into public hospitals. Aust Health Rev. 2012;36:43–48.
Elliott VS. More hospitals looking to merge, buy physician groups. Am Med News. Available at: www.ama-assn.org/amednews/2009/09/07/bisb0907.htm. Accessed January 8, 2013.
Elmendorf D. Estimate of the Effects of the Insurance Coverage Provisions Contained in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Public Law 111-148) and the Healthcare and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-152). March 2011.
Federal Register. Medicare and Medicaid Programs: Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment; Ambulatory Surgical Center Payment; Hospital Value-Based Purchasing Program; Physician Self-Referral; and Patient Notification Requirements in Provider Agreements. A Rule by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services on 11/30/2011. Available at: https://federalregister.gov/a/2011-28612. Accessed January 29, 2012.
Fisher BA. The Citizen Physician: Governance Principles Make the Difference. Available at: http://www.boardadvisorfirm.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Nov_Dec_2010_144-151.pdf. Accessed January 7, 2013.
Forster AJ, Turnbull J, McGuire S, Ho ML, Worthington JR. Improving patient safety and physician accountability using the hospital credentialing process. Open Med. 2011;5:e79–86.
Fraschetti RJ, Sugarman M. Successful hospital-physician integration. Trustee. 2009;62:11–12, 17–18.
Gilmore I. Clinical governance: what it is, what it isn’t and what it should be. Hosp Med. 2000;61:51–53.
Goler MR, Sorensen DE. Physician governance—the strength behind St John’s Clinic. Physician Exec. 2006;32:52–58.
Goodall AH. Physician-leaders and hospital performance: is there an association? Soc Sci Med. 2011;73:535.
Governance Institute. Should physicians serve on the board? Hospital-physician partnerships may need to be closely reviewed. Healthc Exec. 2008;23:58–60.
Gunderman R, Kanter SL. Perspective: educating physicians to lead hospitals. Acad Med. 2009;84:1348–1351.
Halley MD. Engaging physicians in operational governance. Interview by Bob Kehoe. Hosp Health Netw. 2011;85:16–17.
Hamilton J. Hospital employment of physicians: what works and doesn’t work is very clear. Available at: http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/news-analysis/hospital-employment-of-physicians-what-works-and-doesnt-work-is-very-clear. Accessed March 17, 2013.
Hixon T. The US Does Not Have a Debt Problem… It Has a Health Care Cost Problem. Available at: www.forbes.com/sites/toddhixon/2012/02/09/the-u-s-does-not-have-a-debt-problem-it-has-a-health-care-cost-problem/. Accessed December 29, 2012.
Isaacs SL, Jellinek PS, Ray WL. The independent physician—going, going…. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:655–657.
Keehan SP, Sisko AM, Truffer CJ, Poisal JA, Cuckler GA, Madison AJ, Lizonitz JM, Smith SD. National health spending projections through 2020: economic recovery and reform drive faster spending growth. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011;30:1594–1605.
Kocher R, Sahni NR. Hospitals’ race to employ physicians—the logic behind a money-losing proposition. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:1790–1793.
Kohn LT, Corrigan JM, Donaldson MS, eds. To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System. Washington, DC, USA: National Academy Press, Institute of Medicine; 1999.
Kumpusalo E, Virjo I, Mattila K, Halila H. Managerial skills of principal physicians assessed by their colleagues. A lesson from Finland. J Health Organ Manag. 2003;17:457–462.
Maidlow S. Physician trustees: maximizing their contribution to governance. Trustee. 2005;58:27–28.
Maple M. Involving physicians in hospital governance. Tex Med. 1974;70:88–92.
McDowell GS, Wade A. Help wanted: hospital-employed orthopaedists and state societies changing patterns of employment have implications for state orthopaedic societies.. Available at: http://www.aaos.org/news/aaosnow/feb13/advocacy1.asp Accessed March 17, 2012.
Orlikoff JE, Totten MK. Trustee workbook 3. Physicians in governance: the board’s new challenge. Trustee. 2005;58:15–18.
Page AE, Bozic KJ. Physician-Hospital Alignment: A Primer on Strategies for Success. Rosemont, IL, USA: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 2012.
Piziak VK, Rajab MH. An effective team approach to improve postoperative hip fracture care. J Orthop Trauma. 2011;25:72–75.
Pronovost PJ, Miller MR, Wachter RM, Meyer GS. Perspective: physician leadership in quality. Acad Med. 2009;84:1651–1656.
Rice JA, Sagin T. New conversations for physician engagement. Five design principles to upgrade your governance model. Healthc Exec. 2010;25:66, 68–70.
Schulz R. How to get doctors involved in governance, management. Hosp Med Staff. 1976;5:1–7.
Schyve P. Leadership in Healthcare Organizations. A Guide to Joint Commission Leadership Standards. San Diego, CA, USA: The Governance Institute; 2009.
Silbiger S. The Ten-day MBA: A Step-by-step Guide to Mastering the Skills Taught in America’s Top Business Schools. 4th ed. New York, NY, USA: HarperCollins; 2012.
Smith MD. Best Care at Lower Cost: The Path to Continuously Learning Health Care in America. Washington, DC, USA: National Academies; 2012.
Stahl MJ, Dean PJ. The Physician’s Essential MBA: What Every Physician Leader Needs to Know. Gaithersburg, MD, USA: Aspen; 1999.
United States Bone and Joint Initiative: The Burden of Musculoskeletal Diseases in the United States. Rosemont, IL, USA: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 2011.
US Government Spending. Available at: www.usgovernmentspending.com/health_care_chart_10.html. Accessed December 29, 2012.
US National Debt Clock. Available at: www.brillig.com/debt_clock/. Accessed December 29, 2012.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The author certifies that he has or may receive payments or benefits, during the study period, an amount of USD 10,000–USD 100,000 from Stryker Orthopaedics, Mahwah, NJ, USA. The author is on the Board of Trustees of Scott & White Healthcare and Chair, Board of Directors of Scott & White Memorial Hospital.
All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request.
About this article
Cite this article
Probe, R.A. The Orthopaedist’s Role in Healthcare System Governance. Clin Orthop Relat Res 471, 1784–1791 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-013-2950-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-013-2950-6