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Comparative study of fire-resistant coatings based on high and low molecular weight tannins

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Abstract

In order to provide adequate fire resistance to construction materials, such as steel and wood, the use of high and low molecular weight tannins (TMw-H and TMw-L), extracted from the bark of Pinus radiata, as carbonaceous agents, was studied. The extracts were fully characterized by GPC, HPLC, and UV to determine the total amount of phenols, percentage of the monomers, and total yield. The molecular weights of both extracts varied between 2986 and 5573 Da, and they were mainly composed of catechin and taxifolin. Eco-friendly water-based formulations were obtained, without producing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), by varying the extract content between 15.5 and 37.8% w/w. The coatings, varying in thickness and substrates, were evaluated for their film-forming properties, covering power, mechanical properties, such as adhesion, embossing, abrasion, and flexibility, as well as their resistance to fire. The results indicated that good mechanical properties were obtained when using coatings containing TMw-L compared with those obtained when using TMw-H. The carbonization index (28%) and the mass loss percentage (9.35%) of the coatings containing TMw-L compared well to commercial coatings, indicating that they have excellent fire-retardant properties. However, the behavior of the TMw-H containing coatings was rather intumescent.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Interdisciplinary Group of Advanced Nanocomposites (Grupo Interdisciplinario de Nanocompuestos Avanzados, GINA) of the Department of Engineering Materials (DIMAT, according to the Spanish acronym) and the Engineering School of the University of Concepción, for use of its laboratory of nanospectroscopy (LAB-NANOSPECT). AFJ would like to thank the University of La Frontera. MFM and AFJ would like to thank the National Agency for Research and Development of Chile (ANID) projects: FONDEQUIP Project N°EQM150139, PIA/APOYO CCTE AFB170007 and Fondecyt initiation 11190358. MFM would like to thank Valentina Lamilla for her enormous support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Group of Applied Nanotechnology (GINA), Hybrid Materials Laboratory (HML), Department of Materials Engineering (DIMAT), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepcion, 270 Edmundo Larenas St, Box 160-C, 4070409, Concepcion, Chile

    J. Ramirez, M. E. Berrio, A. Díaz-Gomez, L. F. Montoya & M. F. Meléndrez

  2. Departament of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de La Frontera, 01145 Francisco Salazar St, 4780000, Temuco, Chile

    A. F. Jaramillo

  3. Departamento de Tecnologías Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Camino a los Niches km 1, Curicó, Chile

    C. Montalba

  4. Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Concepción, 4070386, Concepción, Chile

    K. Fernández

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering (DIM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, 219 Edmundo Larenas, 4070409, Concepción, Chile

    C. Medina

  6. Unidad de Desarrollo tecnológico, 2634 Av. Cordillera, Parque Industrial Coronel, Box 4051, 4191996, Concepción, Chile

    M. F. Meléndrez

  7. UdeC, Edmundo Larenas 219, Concepción, Chile

    M. F. Meléndrez

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  1. J. Ramirez
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  2. M. E. Berrio
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Correspondence to M. F. Meléndrez.

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Ramirez, J., Berrio, M.E., Díaz-Gomez, A. et al. Comparative study of fire-resistant coatings based on high and low molecular weight tannins. J Coat Technol Res 19, 453–465 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-021-00532-7

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