Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

UV-curable polyurethane inorganic–organic hybrid coatings

  • Published:
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid coating was prepared from a methacrylated urethane oligomer, a reactive diluent, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) oligomers, and a free radical photoinitiator. The reactive diluent was synthesized using IPDI, HEMA, and aminopropyltetraethoxysilane (APTES), resulting in both inorganic and organic reactive groups. The photocuring kinetics was investigated using photo-DSC and real-time FTIR spectroscopy. The effect of the reactive diluent and TEOS oligomers concentration was investigated using impact resistance, pencil hardness, and adhesion. Two glass transition temperatures were observed, indicating a substantial interfacial phase generated between the inorganic and organic domains. The reactive diluent-to-reactive oligomer ratio had a larger effect on the mechanical behavior of the system than the TEOS concentration did. Adhesion improves with increasing TEOS oligomer concentration or reactive diluent concentration until maxima, after which increasing concentration has an adverse effect on adhesion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

References

  1. Wilkes, GL, Orler, B, Huang, HH, “Ceramers-Hybrid Materials Incorporating Polymeric Oligomeric Species into Inorganic Glasses Utilizing a Sol-Gel Approach.” In: Abstracts of papers of the American Chemical Society vol. 190, no. sep, pp. 109-poy. 1155 16th st, NW, Washington, DC 20036: Amer. Chemical Soc. (1985)

  2. Kickelbick, G, (ed) Hybrid Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications, 433. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Urreaga, JM, Matías, MC, De La Orden, MU, Munguía, MA, Sánchez, CG, “Effects of Coupling Agents on the Oxidation and Darkening of Cellulosic Materials Used as Reinforcements for Thermoplastic Matrices in Composites.” Polym. Eng. Sci., 40 (2) 407–417 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Schottner, G, “Hybrid Sol-Gel-Derived Polymers: Applications of Multifunctional Materials.” Chem. Mater., 13 (10) 3422–3435 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Ni, H, Simonsick, WJ, Jr, Skaja, AD, Williams, JP, Soucek, MD, “Polyurea/Polysiloxane Ceramer Coatings.” Prog. Org. Coat., 38 (2) 97–110 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Holmes-Farley, SR, Yanyo, LC, “Adhesion Promotion and Corrosion Prevention Using Thin Anisotropic Coatings.” J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 5 (2) 131–151 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ni, H, Johnson, AH, Soucek, MD, Grant, JT, Vreugdenhil, AJ, “Polyurethane/Polysiloxane Ceramer Coatings: Evaluation of Corrosion Protection.” Macromol. Mater. Eng., 287 (7) 470–479 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ni, H, Aaserud, DJ, Simonsick, WJ, Jr, Soucek, MD, “Preparation and Characterization of Alkoxysilane Functionalized Isocyanurates.” Polymer, 41 (1) 57–71 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Ni, H, Skaja, AD, Sailer, RA, Soucek, MD, “Moisture-Curing Alkoxysilane-Functionalized Isocyanurate Coatings.” Macromol. Chem. Phys., 201 (6) 722–732 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ni, H, Skaja, AD, Sailer, RA, Soucek, MD, “Siloxane Functionalized Isocyanurate Coatings.” Polymer, 39 (1) 367 (1998)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Soucek, MD, Ni, H, “Nanostructured Polyurethane Ceramer Coatings for Aircraft.” J. Coat. Technol., 74 (933) 125–134 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Ni, H, Daum, JL, Soucek, MD, Simonsick, WJ, “Cycloaliphatic Polyester Based High Solids Polyurethane Coatings: I. The Effect of Difunctional Alcohols.” J. Coat. Technol., 74 (928) 49–56 (2002)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ni, H, Daum, JL, Thiltgen, PR, Soucek, MD, Simonsick, WJ, Jr, Zhong, W, Skaja, AD, “Cycloaliphatic Polyester-Based High-Solids Polyurethane Coatings: II. The Effect of Difunctional Acid.” Prog. Org. Coat., 45 (1) 49–58 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Awasthi, S, Agarwal, D, “Influence of Cycloaliphatic Compounds on the Properties of Polyurethane Coatings.” J. Coat. Technol. Res., 4 (1) 67–73 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Heidt, PC, Elliott, ML, “Aliphatic Dibasic Acid-Modified Polyesters Thermoset Industrial Coatings.” In: Proceedings from the Waterborne, High-Solids and Powder Coating Symposium (1995)

  16. McWilliams, DS, Mercer Jr, JW, Shelby, MD, Tincher, ME, “U.S. Patent No. 7,169,880.” Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (2007)

  17. Hegedus, CR, Spadafora, SJ, Pulley, DF, Eng, AT, Hirst, DJ, “Chapter 58-Aerospace and Aircraft Coatings. Paint and Coating Testing Manual.” Koleske JV (Ed.). ASTM International (1995)

  18. Kaewpirom, S, Kunwong, D, “Curing Behavior and Cured Film Performance of Easy-to-clean UV-Curable Coatings Based on Hybrid Urethane Acrylate Oligomers.” J. Polym. Res., 19 (11) 1–12 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Chen, S, Xu, N, Shi, J, “Structure and Properties of Polyether Polyols Catalyzed by Fe/Zn Double Metal Cyanide Complex Catalyst.” Prog. Org. Coat., 49 (2) 125–129 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Brinker, CJ, Keefer, KD, Schaefer, DW, Ashley, CS, “Sol-gel Transition in Simple Silicates.” J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 48 (1) 47–64 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Zhou, L, Heinz, H, Soucek, MD, Alemán, EA, Modarelli, DA, “UV-Absorption and Silica/Titania Colloids Using a Core-Shell Approach.” Silicon, 2 (2) 95–104 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. He, J, Xiong, J, Xia, B, “UV-Curable Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films Based on Tetraethylorthosilicate Oligomer and Special Acrylated Polyester.” e-Polymers, 12 (1) 523–532 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. ASTM D 2370-82

  24. ASTM D 3359-87

  25. ASTM D 3363-74

  26. ASTM D 2784-94

  27. ASTM D 4541-85

  28. Nebioglu, A, Teng, G, Soucek, MD, “Dual-Curable Unsaturated Polyester Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Films.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 99 (1) 115–126 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Palanisamy, A, Rao, BS, "Photo-DSC and Dynamic Mechanical Studies on UV Curable Compositions Containing Diacrylate of Ricinoleic Acid Amide Derived From Castor Oil.” Prog. Org. Coat., 60 (3) 161–169 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Cho, JD, Ju, HT, Hong, JW, “Photo-Curing Kinetics of UV-Initiated Free-Radical Photo-Polymerization With and Without Silica Nanoparticles.” J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 43 (3) 658–670 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Cho, JD, Kim, YB, Ju, HT, Hong, JW, “The Effects of Silica Nanoparticles on the Photocuring Behaviors of UV-Curable Polyester Acrylate-Based Coating Systems.” Macromol. Res., 13 (4) 362–365 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Barbeau, PH, Gerard, JF, Magny, B, Pascault, JP, Vigier, G, "Morphological Analysis of Photocured Polyurethane Acrylate Networks Correlation With Viscoelastic Properties.” J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys., 37 (9) 919–937 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 250 S. Forge St, Akron, OH, 44325, USA

    Tong Xu, Irina J. Zvonkina & Mark D. Soucek

Authors
  1. Tong Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Irina J. Zvonkina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mark D. Soucek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark D. Soucek.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Xu, T., Zvonkina, I.J. & Soucek, M.D. UV-curable polyurethane inorganic–organic hybrid coatings. J Coat Technol Res 18, 1461–1479 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-021-00473-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-021-00473-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation