Advertisement

Journal of Coatings Technology and Research

, Volume 15, Issue 4, pp 679–690 | Cite as

Deposition of a PMMA coating with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet

  • S. Van Vrekhem
  • R. Morent
  • N. De Geyter
Article
First Online:
  • 293 Downloads

Abstract

Atmospheric pressure plasma jet polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was performed in order to deposit a PMMA-like coating on ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). This study is a first step in the transfer from MMA plasma polymerization experiments previously performed in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor to a newly designed atmospheric pressure plasma jet. In this novel plasma setup, the substrate is not directly exposed to the plasma region, but placed in the plasma jet afterglow. The effect of several plasma jet process parameters on the coating properties was investigated using different surface characterization techniques such as XPS, FTIR, AFM, and OPS. Results show that the stationary deposition of PMMA-like thin films results in a radial gradient in surface chemistry, surface morphology, and coating thickness. Additionally, the coating properties were found to significantly depend on the monomer-containing gas flow rate. This observation is also confirmed by CFD modeling, which shows that the monomer-containing gas flow rate strongly influences the gas flow pattern of the plasma afterglow and therefore the final properties of the deposited PMMA-like film.

Keywords

Plasma polymerization Methyl methacrylate Atmospheric pressure plasma jet 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Notes

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a Grant (G.0516.13N) from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) and has also received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP/2007-2013)/ ERC Grant Agreement Number 335929 (PLASMATS).

References

  1. 1.
    Manakhov, A, et al., “The Robust Bio-immobilization Based on Pulsed Plasma Polymerization of Cyclopropylamine and Glutaraldehyde Coupling Chemistry.” Appl Surf Sci, 360 28–36 (2016)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Cools, P, et al., “Adhesion Improvement at the PMMA Bone Cement-Titanium Implant Interface Using Methyl Methacrylate Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Polymerization.” Surf Coat Technol, 294 201–209 (2016)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Manakhov, A, et al., “Deposition of Stable Amine Coating onto Polycaprolactone Nanofibers by Low Pressure Cyclopropylamine Plasma Polymerization.” Thin Solid Films, 581 7–13 (2015)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Sawada, Y, Ogawa, S, Kogoma, M, “Synthesis of Plasma-Polymerized Tetraethoxysilane and Hexamethyldisiloxane Films Prepared by Atmospheric-Pressure Glow-Discharge.” J Phys D Appl Phys, 28 1661–1669 (1995)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Yim, JH, et al., “Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Hydrophobic Coatings Using Fluorine-Based Liquid Precursors.” Surf Coat Tech, 234 21–32 (2013)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Fanelli, F, Fracassi, F, “Aerosol-Assisted Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Deposition of Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Coatings.” Plasma Chem Plasma Processing, 34 473–487 (2014)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Aziz, G, De Geyter, N, Declercq, H, Cornelissen, R, Morent, R, “Incorporation of Amine Moieties onto Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Surface via Plasma and UV Polymerization of Allylamine.” Surf Coat Tech, 271 39–47 (2015)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Yang, ZL, et al., “The Covalent Immobilization of Heparin to Pulsed-Plasma Polymeric Allylamine Films on 316L Stainless Steel and the Resulting Effects on Hemocompatibility.” Biomaterials, 31 2072–2083 (2010)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Carton, O, Ben Salem, D, Bhatt, S, Pulpytel, J, Arefi-Khonsari, F, “Plasma Polymerization of Acrylic Acid by Atmospheric Pressure Nitrogen Plasma Jet for Biomedical Applications.” Plasma Process Polym, 9 984–993 (2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Van Vrekhem, S, et al., “Application of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Polyethylene for Increased Prosthesis Adhesion.” Thin Solid Films, 596 256–263 (2015)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Lommatzsch, U, Ihde, J, “Plasma Polymerization of HMDSO with an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet for Corrosion Protection of Aluminum and Low-Adhesion Surfaces.” Plasma Process Polym, 6 642–648 (2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Laroussi, M, Akan, T, “Arc-free Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Jets: A Review.” Plasma Process Polym, 4 777–788 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Teschke, M, Kedzierski, J, Finantu-Dinu, EG, Korzec, D, Engemann, J, “High-speed Photographs of a Dielectric Barrier Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet.” IEEE T Plasma Sci, 33 310–311 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Cheng, C, Zhang, LY, Zhan, RJ, “Surface Modification of Polymer Fibre by the New Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Jet.” Surf Coat Tech, 200 6659–6665 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Yang, SH, Liu, CH, Su, CH, Chen, H, “Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Deposition of SiOx Films for Super-hydrophobic Application.” Thin Solid Films, 517 5284–5287 (2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Schafer, J, Foest, R, Quade, A, Ohl, A, Weltmann, KD, “Local Deposition of SiO(x) Plasma Polymer Films by a Miniaturized Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (APPJ).” J Phys D Appl Phys, 41 194010 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Pulpytel, J, et al., “Deposition of Organosilicon Coatings by a Non-Equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet: Design, Analysis and Macroscopic Scaling Law of the Process.” Plasma Process Polym, 8 664–675 (2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Leduc, M, Coulombe, S, Leask, RL, “Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet Deposition of Patterned Polymer Films for Cell Culture Applications.” IEEE T Plasma Sci, 37 927–933 (2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Kasih, TP, Kuroda, S, Kubota, H, “Poly(methyl methacrylate) Films Deposited via Non-equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Polymerization Using Argon as Working Gas.” Plasma Process Polym, 4 648–653 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Casserly, TB, Gleason, KK, “Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Plasma Polymerization of Poly(methyl methacrylate).” Chem Vapor Depos, 12 59–66 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    De Geyter, N, et al., “Deposition of Polymethyl Methacrylate on Polypropylene Substrates Using an Atmospheric Pressure Dielectric Barrier Discharge.” Prog Org Coat, 64 230–237 (2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Yasuda, H (ed.) Plasma Polymerization, pp. 196–276. Academic Press, Cambridge, 1985CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    Inagaki, N, Plasma Surface Modification and Plasma Polymerization. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1996Google Scholar
  24. 24.
    Cools, P, Van Vrekhem, S, De Geyter, N, Morent, R, “The Use of DBD Plasma Treatment and Polymerization for the Enhancement of Biomedical UHMWPE.” Thin Solid Films, 572 251–259 (2014)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Cools, P, et al., “Adhesion Improvement at the PMMA Bone Cement-Titanium Implant Interface Using Methyl Methacrylate Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Polymerization.” Surf Coat Tech, 294 201–209 (2016)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Morent, R, et al., “Stability Study of Polyacrylic Acid Films Plasma-Polymerized on Polypropylene Substrates at Medium Pressure.” Appl Surf Sci, 257 372–380 (2010)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    Cools, P, et al., “Influence of DBD Inlet Geometry on the Homogeneity of Plasma-Polymerized Acrylic Acid Films: The Use of a Microplasma-Electrode Inlet Configuration.” Plasma Process Polym, 12 1153–1163 (2015)CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© American Coatings Association 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureGhent UniversityGhentBelgium

Personalised recommendations

Cite article

Buy options