Skip to main content

Water permeation and corrosion resistance of single- and two-component hydrophobic polysiloxane barrier coatings

Journal of Coatings Technology and Research volume 14, pages 1247–1258 (2017)Cite this article

Abstract

The degradation of corrosion preventative coatings contributes to the high cost and time requirements for maintaining structures in harsh environments. However, the development of new hydrophobic coatings holds the promise of extending the usable life of structures in marine environments. In this work, we quantify the barrier properties and corrosion resistance of two novel highly hydrophobic polysiloxane formulations and the legacy silicone alkyd topcoat used on the topside of Navy’s ships, all with haze gray pigmentation. Based on FTIR-ATR and EIS measurements of the pristine coatings, both the single- (1K) and the two-component (2K) polysiloxane provide significantly improved barrier characteristics (lower water diffusion coefficient and capacitance) than the silicone alkyd. These results were confirmed through a 3-month-long immersion corrosion test, which also showed that the 1K and 2K polysiloxane coatings had comparable degradation characteristic and remained highly hydrophobic.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

References

  1. Huffmann, L, Hower, H, “The Emergence of Polysiloxanes and Protective Coatings.” J. Prot. Coat. Linings., 20 5–9 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lockwood, P, Cloutier, R, Kinee, D, “Use of Polysiloxane Coatings for Topside Applications on US Navy Ships.” Nav. Eng. J., 128 65–70 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Andrews, AF, “Polysiloxane Topcoats—A Step Too Far?” Corros. 2005, NACE International, 2005.

  4. Witucki, G, “Next Generation Polysiloxane Hybrid Coatings.” Polym. Paint Colour J., 11 22–24 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Axelsen, SB, Johnsen, R, Knudsen, OØ, “Internal Stress in Polysiloxane Topcoats.” Corrosion, 66 65005 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Axelsen, SB, Johnsen, R, Knudsen, OØ, “Adhesion Properties of Polysiloxane Topcoats.” Corrosion, 66 125003 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Axelsen, SB, Johnsen, R, Knudsen, OØ, “Mechanical Properties of Polysiloxane Topcoats.” Corrosion, 66 65006 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. MIL-PRF-24635E Performance Specification, “Coating Systems, Weather-Resistant, Exterior Use.” (2009)

  9. Kaesler, K, “Polysiloxane Coatings for Corrosion Protection.” In: Khanna, A (ed.) High-Performance Organic Coatings, 1st ed., pp. 225–246. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, England (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Metroke, TL, Parkhill, RL, Knobbe, ET, “Passivation of Metal Alloys using Sol–Gel-Derived Materials—A Review.” Prog. Org. Coat., 41 233–238 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang, Y, Liu, J, Li, M, Wang, Q, Chen, Q, “The Icephobicity Comparison of Polysiloxane Modified Hydrophobic and Superhydrophobic Surfaces Under Condensing Environments.” Appl. Surf. Sci., 385 472–480 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Iezzi, EB, Martin, J, Tagert, J, Slebodnick, P, Wegand, J, Lemieux, E, Spicer, C, “Advanced 2K and 1K Topside Coatings for the U.S. Navy.” DoD-Allied Nations Tech. Corros. Conf. (2011)

  13. Iezzi, EB, “Single-Component Moisture-Curable Coatings Based on N-Substituted Urea Polymers with Extended Chains and Terminal Alkoxysilanes.” US Patent 9139753, 2015.

  14. Iezzi, EB, “Single-Component Coating Having Alkoxysilane-Terminated N-Substituted Urea Resins.” US Patent 9221942, 2015.

  15. Hodson, J, Lander, JA, “The Analysis of Cured Paint Media and a Study of the Weathering of Alkyd Paints by FTIR/PAS.” Polymer, 28 251–256 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Gonalves, GS, Baldissera, AF, Rodrigues, LF, Martini, EMA, Ferreira, CA, “Alkyd Coatings Containing Polyanilines for Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel.” Synth. Met., 161 313–323 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Araujo, WS, Margarit, ICP, Mattos, OR, Fragata, FL, De Lima-Neto, P, “Corrosion Aspects of Alkyd Paints Modified with Linseed and Soy Oils.” Electrochim. Acta, 55 6204–6211 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Perrin, FX, Irigoyen, M, Aragon, E, Vernet, JL, “Evaluation of Accelerated Weathering Tests for Three Paint Systems: A Comparative Study of Their Aging Behaviour.” Polym. Degrad. Stab., 72 115–124 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Cadena, F, Irusta, L, Fernandez-Berridi, MJ, “Performance Evaluation of Alkyd Coatings for Corrosion Protection in Urban and Industrial Environments.” Prog. Org. Coat., 76 1273–1278 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Shi, H, Liu, F, Han, E, Wei, Y, “Effects of Nano Pigments on the Corrosion Resistance of Alkyd Coating.” J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 23 551–558 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hansal, WEG, Hansal, S, Pölzler, M, Kornherr, A, Zifferer, G, Nauer, GE, “Investigation of Polysiloxane Coatings as Corrosion Inhibitors of Zinc Surfaces.” Surf. Coat. Technol., 200 3056–3063 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Sarmento, VHV, Schiavetto, MG, Hammer, P, Benedetti, AV, Fugivara, CS, Suegama, PH, Pulcinelli, SH, Santilli, CV, “Corrosion Protection of Stainless Steel by Polysiloxane Hybrid Coatings Prepared Using the Sol–Gel Process.” Surf. Coat. Technol., 204 2689–2701 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Wu, KH, Chao, CM, Yeh, TF, Chang, TC, “Thermal Stability and Corrosion Resistance of Polysiloxane Coatings on 2024-T3 and 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy.” Surf. Coat. Technol., 201 5782–5788 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Perälä, M, Tikkanen, S, “Composition to be Used in Paints.” US Patent US7351783, 2008.

  25. Yuan, X, Yue, ZF, Chen, X, Wen, SF, Li, L, Feng, T, “EIS Study of Effective Capacitance and Water Uptake Behaviors of Silicone-Epoxy Hybrid Coatings on Mild Steel.” Prog. Org. Coatings., 86 41–48 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. ASTM, “Standard Guide for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals.” ASTM Int., G31–12a 1–10 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Rykaczewski, K, Mieritz, DG, Liu, M, Ma, Y, Iezzi, EB, Sun, X, Wang, LP, Solanki, KN, Seo, D-K, Wang, RY, “Far-Reaching Geometrical Artefacts due to Thermal Decomposition of Polymeric Coatings Around Focused Ion Beam Milled Pigment Particles.” J. Microsc., 262 316–325 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Nguyen, T, Bentz, D, Byrd, E, “Method for Measuring Water Diffusion in a Coating Applied to a Substrate.” J. Coat. Technol., 67 37–46 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Linossier, I, Gaillard, F, Romand, M, Feller, J, “Measuring Water Diffusion in Polymer Films on the Substrate by Internal Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 66 2465–2473 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Philippe, L, Sammon, C, Lyon, SB, Yarwood, J, “An FTIR/ATR In Situ Study of Sorption and Transport in Corrosion Protective Organic Coatings: Paper 2. The Effects of Temperature and Isotopic Dilution.” Prog. Org. Coat., 49 315–323 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Philippe, L, Sammon, C, Lyon, SB, Yarwood, J, “An FTIR/ATR In Situ Study of Sorption and Transport in Corrosion Protective Organic Coatings 1. Water Sorption and the Role of Inhibitor Anions.” Prog. Org. Coat., 49 302–314 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Ohman, M, Persson, D, “An Integrated In Situ ATR-FTIR and EIS Set-Up to Study Buried Metal-Polymer Interfaces Exposed to an Electrolyte Solution.” Electrochim. Acta, 52 5159–5171 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Hu, JM, Zhang, JQ, Cao, CN, “Determination of Water Uptake and Diffusion of Cl-ion in Epoxy Primer on Aluminum Alloys in NaCl Solution by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy.” Prog. Org. Coat., 46 273–279 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Amirudin, DTA, Amirudin, A, Thierry, D, “Application of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Study the Degradation of Polymer-Coated Metals.” Prog. Org. Coat., 26 1–28 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Bierwagen, G, Tallman, D, Li, J, He, L, Jeffcoate, C, “EIS Studies of Coated Metals in Accelerated Exposure.” Prog. Org. Coat., 46 148–157 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Hinderliter, BR, Croll, SG, Tallman, DE, Su, Q, Bierwagen, GP, “Interpretation of EIS Data from Accelerated Exposure of Coated Metals Based on Modeling of Coating Physical Properties.” Electrochim. Acta, 51 4505–4515 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Floyd, FL, Avudaiappan, S, Gibson, J, Mehta, B, Smith, P, Provder, T, Escarsega, J, “Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Predict the Corrosion Resistance of Unexposed Coated Metal Panels.” Prog. Org. Coat., 66 8–34 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Ploeger, R, Musso, S, Chiantore, O, “Contact Angle Measurements to Determine the Rate of Surface Oxidation of Artists’ Alkyd Paints During Accelerated Photo-Ageing.” Prog. Org. Coat., 65 77–83 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Damle, VG, Sun, X, Rykaczewski, K, “Can Metal Matrix-Hydrophobic Nanoparticle Composites Enhance Water Condensation by Promoting the Dropwise Mode?” Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2 1500202 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. De Gennes, P-G, Brochard-Wyart, F, Quéré, D, Capillarity and Wetting Phenomena: Drops, Bubbles, Pearls, Waves. Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin (2013)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

KR, KNS, and LPW acknowledge funding from the US Department of Defense under the Technical Corrosion Collaboration (TCC) Program through Grant No. FA7000-14-2-0015. This TCC grant is administered by the US Air Force Academy. The authors acknowledge the use of facilities at the LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science at Arizona State University.

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA

      X. Sun, S. Turnage, Y. Yang, B. Chang, N. C. Muthegowda, S. K. Balijepalli, Nicholas Dhuyvetter, L. P. Wang, K. N. Solanki & K. Rykaczewski

    2. Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA

      E. B. Iezzi

    Authors
    1. X. Sun
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. S. Turnage
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    3. E. B. Iezzi
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    4. Y. Yang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    5. B. Chang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    6. N. C. Muthegowda
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    7. S. K. Balijepalli
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    8. Nicholas Dhuyvetter
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    9. L. P. Wang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    10. K. N. Solanki
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    11. K. Rykaczewski
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Corresponding authors

    Correspondence to K. N. Solanki or K. Rykaczewski.

    Additional information

    X. Sun and S. Turnage have contributed equally to this work.

    Electronic supplementary material

    Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

    Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 58504 kb)

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and Permissions

    About this article

    Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this article

    Sun, X., Turnage, S., Iezzi, E.B. et al. Water permeation and corrosion resistance of single- and two-component hydrophobic polysiloxane barrier coatings. J Coat Technol Res 14, 1247–1258 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-017-9918-5

    Download citation

    • Published:

    • Issue Date:

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-017-9918-5

    Keywords

    • Polysiloxane
    • Barrier coating
    • EIS
    • IR spectroscopy
    • SEM