Abstract
Bixa orellana L. (urucum) seeds have multiple uses in the industry and medicine. The determination of elemental composition is important information since it can lead to potential toxic effects and product stability. In this work, we developed and validated a method using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine both major and minor elemental constituents of urucum seeds with excellent figures of merit. Essential elements such as Ca, Mg, and K are present in percentage levels, whereas Al, Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, and Zn are in the mg kg−1 range, and Cd, Cr, Pb, and Se are found in µg kg−1 concentration. Statistical tools such as hierarchical grouping and PCA showed that elements such as Cr and Fe, Mn and Ni, and Cu and Zn are intrinsically correlated, and Mo was present heterogeneously throughout the samples, indicating that soil preparation and treatment can be a potential cause to this dispersion. The elemental composition of urucum seeds and its statistical interpretation is also presented to aid future studies with nutritional composition and farming procedures.
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The authors declare that data obtained during the development of this project is available to the reader, upon requirement to the corresponding author.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Agilent Technologies Brazil for the access to ICP-MS equipment and assistance.
Funding
This research was supported by the Agency for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), and São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (grant number 2014/50422–1).
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Mariana Baptistão, Ana Valéria Colnaghi Simionato, and Marcos Nogueira Eberlin conceived the research. Mariana Baptistão and Rodolfo Lorençatto designed the experiments. Mariana Baptistão and Rodolfo Lorençatto performed laboratory experiments and data treatment. Mariana Baptistão, Ana Valéria Colnaghi Simionato, Rodolfo Lorençatto, and Marcos Nogueira Eberlin wrote and edited the manuscript.
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Baptistão, M., Lorençatto, R., Eberlin, M.N. et al. Multielemental Characterization of Bixa orellana L. (urucum) Seeds by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Food Bioprocess Technol 16, 2521–2530 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-023-03073-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-023-03073-6