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Nondestructive Measurement of Texture of Three Pear Varieties and Variety Discrimination by the Laser Doppler Vibrometer Method

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Abstract

The laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) method was used to measure the texture of three pear varieties (Pyrus pyrifolia cv. ‘Yuguan,’ ‘Whangkeumbae,’ and ‘Hosui’) and discriminate pear variety. Firstly, vibration characteristics of pears were measured. The second and third resonance frequencies (f 2 and f 3) and the amplitudes at f 2 and f 3 (A 2 and A 3) were extracted from the amplitude-frequency response. Elasticity indices (EI i ) were calculated by f i 2 m 2/3, i = 2, 3, where m is the mass of the sample. Then, pear texture was detected by the puncture test with and without peel, respectively. Maximum force (MF), flesh firmness (FF), and stiffness (Stif) were extracted from the force-deformation (F-D) curve as texture indices. The results showed that texture indices were well correlated with EI i but poorly with the amplitudes for all the three pear varieties. There was no obvious difference in correlation coefficients (r) of EI i with peeled and unpeeled texture indices. Stif had higher correlation coefficient with EI i (r = 0.866–0.962) than MF and FF. Additionally, Stif was still well correlated with EI i for all the samples of three varieties together (r = 0.894–0.908). Fisher’s discriminant analysis (FDA) was conducted to discriminate the three pear varieties. EI 2, EI 3, A 2, A 3, R 1 (A 2/EI 2), and R 2 (A 3/EI 3) were selected as indicators. It was found that ‘Yuguan’ pears could be discriminated from other pear varieties, but ‘Whangkeumbae’ and ‘Hosui’ pears could not be. Therefore, nondestructive measurement of texture of different pear varieties by the LDV method was feasible, and this method has the potential for pear variety discrimination.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the program supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012AA10A504) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2015FZA6005). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Zhejiang University. Trade and manufacturer’s names are necessary to report factually on available data.

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  1. College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Wen Zhang, Di Cui & Yibin Ying

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  1. Wen Zhang
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  2. Di Cui
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  3. Yibin Ying
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Correspondence to Yibin Ying.

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Zhang, W., Cui, D. & Ying, Y. Nondestructive Measurement of Texture of Three Pear Varieties and Variety Discrimination by the Laser Doppler Vibrometer Method. Food Bioprocess Technol 8, 1974–1981 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-015-1547-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-015-1547-3

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