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Relationships Between Texture and Rheological Properties in Blanched Apple Slices (var. Granny Smith) Studied by Partial Least Squares Regression

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Abstract

The effect of steam blanching (90 or 150 s) on linear viscoelastic and compression properties, sensory texture, and micro- and ultrastructure of cut apple was analyzed. All apple samples showed a solid behavior (storage modulus G′ > loss modulus G″) dominating the viscoelastic response, but both dynamic modules were reduced due to processing. For blanched tissues, the instantaneous elastic compliance J 0 and the retarded compliances J 1 and J 2 increased and the steady-state viscosity decreased. Values of mechanical parameters and texture attributes (except cohesiveness) decreased for blanched tissues. Partial least squares regression analysis (PLS) technique was used to study how texture characteristics (dependent variables) were related to rheological properties (independent variables) of untreated and blanched apples. Sensory hardness and crispness were negatively related to J 0, J 1, and J 2 and positively correlated to G′ at intermediate and high frequencies (ω) and G″ at low frequencies. Sensory fracturability was positively correlated with G′ at ω = 0.1 1/s and G″ at ω = 100 1/s. Juiciness and sensory fracturability were positively correlated to instrumental hardness and area 1, and crispness and sensory hardness were positively related to instrumental fracturability. Structure differences (rupture of membranes, decrease in cell-to-cell contact, degradation of cell walls, changes in microfibril arrangements) could explain some changes observed in rheological properties and texture of blanched apples.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial support from the University of Buenos Aires, CONICET, and ANPCyT of Argentina and from BID.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Guiraldes s/n., Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) C.A.B..A., Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Analia B. Garcia Loredo, Sandra N. Guerrero & Stella M. Alzamora

  2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Analia B. Garcia Loredo, Sandra N. Guerrero & Stella M. Alzamora

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  1. Analia B. Garcia Loredo
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  2. Sandra N. Guerrero
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  3. Stella M. Alzamora
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Correspondence to Stella M. Alzamora.

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Loredo, A.B.G., Guerrero, S.N. & Alzamora, S.M. Relationships Between Texture and Rheological Properties in Blanched Apple Slices (var. Granny Smith) Studied by Partial Least Squares Regression. Food Bioprocess Technol 7, 2840–2854 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-014-1259-0

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